This article presents the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clear Communication Index (the Index), a tool that emphasizes primary audience’s needs provides set of evidence-based criteria to develop assess public communication products diverse audiences. The consists four open-ended introductory questions 20 scored items affect information clarity audience comprehension, according scientific literature. A research team fielded an online survey test Index’s validity. Respondents...

the White House Coronavirus Task Force and CDC announced a new behavioral recommendation to help slow spread of coronavirus disease 2019 by encouraging use cloth face covering when out in public (1).Widespread coverings has not been studied among U.S. population, therefore, little is known about adopt this behavior.Immediately following recommendation, an Internet survey sampled 503 adults during April 7-9 assess their sociodemographic factors that might influence adherence...

Background: Uncontrolled diabetes during pregnancy can cause adverse maternal and infant outcomes. This study explored barriers to glycemic control before, during, after describes knowledge, attitudes, behaviors among pregnant women with pregestational (PGDM) or gestational (GDM). Methods: Focus groups were conducted in the Atlanta area white, black, Hispanic who had a recent pregnancy. Participants convenience sample drawn from variety of sources. Nine focus held GDM, seven PGDM. Results:...

The mass media provide an important channel for delivering crisis and emergency risk information to the public. We conducted a content analysis of 369 newspaper television broadcast stories covering natural disaster foodborne outbreak events coded seven best practices in messaging. On average, slightly less than two (1.86) were included each story. proportion including individual ranged from 4.6% "expressing empathy" 83.7% "explaining what is known" about event's impact human health. Each...

Abstract Background Investigating antecedents of behaviors, such as wearing face coverings, is critical for developing strategies to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Purpose The purpose this study was determine associations between theory-based behavioral predictors intention wear a covering and actual in public. Methods Data from cross-sectional panel survey U.S. adults conducted May June 2020 (N = 1,004) were used test path model. We (a) examined covering, (b) reported use cloth (c) other...

To summarize changes in folic acid awareness, knowledge, and behavior among women of childbearing age the United States since U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) 1992 recommendation later fortification.Random-digit dialed telephone surveys were conducted approximately 2000 (per survey year) aged 18-45 years from 1995-2005 States.The percentage reporting having heard or read about steadily increased 52% 1995 to 84% 2005. Of all surveyed 2005, 19% knew prevented birth defects, an increase 4%...

These cases include immunoglobulin M-probable and polymerase chain reaction/ plaque-reduction neutralization testing confirmed of Zika virus disease among symptomatic persons; asymptomatic pregnant women are not included.† The prevention kit included the following items: insect repellent, permethrin, condoms, a mosquito bed net, dunks (a larvicide used to treat standing water), educational materials.

CDC develops and delivers health messages for a variety of audiences, including the public, care professionals, public researchers practitioners, policy makers. News media outlets--because their broad reach potential to influence knowledge, attitudes, behaviors--are major channels disseminating these audiences. has routinely monitored news outlets identify message/information gaps opportunities. The 9/11 terrorist attacks anthrax incidents that followed required transform its monitoring...

Abstract: Background: Uncontrolled pregestational diabetes in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for a major birth defect and additional adverse outcomes. The study objective was to investigate the concerns of health care practitioners who women history during their perceptions attitudes barriers achieving good glycemic control. Methods: Focus groups were conducted physicians, midlevel practitioners, certified educators Atlanta, Georgia. Practitioners eligible if they actively...

Women's behaviors before and during pregnancy can affect their infants' health. Particularly because many births in the United States are unintended, it is important to understand women's health planning status they become pregnant.A telephone survey of nonpregnant women childbearing age who belonged a Southern California managed care plan was conducted from 1998 through 2000. Survey data were analyzed logistic regression models assessing differences selected between others.Compared with not...

Abstract We assessed how community education efforts influenced pregnant women’s Zika prevention behaviors during the 2016 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–Puerto Rico Department of Health virus response. Efforts included training, distribution kits, a mass media campaign, free home mosquito spraying. used telephone interview data from women participating in Puerto Rico’s Women, Infants, Children Program to test associations between program participation behaviors. Behavior...

Social marketing approaches can help to shape the formation of and create demand for preconception care services. This article describes four components social marketing, often referred as 4 P's, that should be carefully researched set in place before a national effort launch sustain services is pursued. First, product or package must defined adapted using latest scientific health standards based on consumer needs desires. Second, pricing financial opportunity costs acceptable consumer,...

Abstract To assess attitudes toward DNA collection in an epidemiological study, focus groups were assembled September 2007 with mothers who had participated a case–control study of birth defects. Each recruited mother previously completed interview and received mailed kit containing cytobrushes to collect buccal cells for from herself, her infant, infant's father during the period July 2004 through 2007. A total 38 attended six comprising: (1) non‐Hispanic Black case infants or (2) did not...

Awareness about folic acid's effectiveness in reducing the risk of certain birth defects has increased among women United States; however, few Hispanic are consuming enough acid daily. A 1998 survey conducted by Gallup Organization for National March Dimes Birth Defects Foundation found that English-speaking had lower awareness (53% vs. 72%) and daily consumption (29% 33%) than non-Hispanic White women. In 1999, Centers Disease Control Prevention (CDC) baseline surveys with Spanish-speaking...

The neural tube defects (NTDs) anencephaly and spina bifida, are serious birth of the brain spine that affect about 3000 pregnancies per year in United States. Research has found a strong link between periconceptional folic acid consumption NTD prevention.Because Hispanic women have higher rates NTD-affected births, targeted promotion efforts were conducted several major cities from 1999 to 2002. Efforts included paid unpaid placements Spanish language public service announcements (PSAs)...

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> <h3>Background:</h3> Efforts to contain the spread of Ebola in eastern Democratic Republic Congo (DRC) during 2018–2020 epidemic faced challenges gaining community trust and participation. This affected implementation alerts, early isolation, contact tracing, vaccination, safe dignified burials. To quickly understand perspectives improve engagement, collaborators from DRC Red Cross, International Federation U.S. Centers for Disease Control Prevention explored a new method...

The incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs), serious birth the brain and spine that affect approximately 3,000 pregnancies in United States each year, can be reduced by 50-70% with daily periconceptional consumption B vitamin folic acid. Two studies were designed to assess college women's reactions perceptions potential campaign advertising concepts derived from preproduction formative research increase acid through use a multivitamin. Study one assessed draft eight focus groups (N = 71)...

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are serious birth of the brain and spine that affect approximately 3,000 pregnancies in United States each year affected 404 Puerto Rico from 1996 to 2002. Consuming B vitamin folic acid can reduce incidence NTDs 50%–70%, recent efforts NTD rates have focused on increasing number childbearing-aged women who take a containing every day. As first stage formative research campaign planning, two exploratory, qualitative studies were conducted order (a) understand...

To understand motivations and barriers to participation in studies that include DNA collection, focus group discussions were held with mothers who had participated a case-control study of birth defects. Recruited completed an interview received mailed kit containing cytobrushes collect buccal cells for from herself, her infant, infant's father. Six moderator-led groups attended by total 38 women residing Atlanta, Georgia. Focus segmented collection status (biologics participants or...

Each year, approximately 3000 pregnancies in the United States are affected by neural tube defects (NTDs), serious birth of brain and spine. Daily periconceptional consumption folic acid can reduce incidence NTDs 50%-70%. This study was designed to understand Latina mothers' awareness, knowledge, behaviors capture their reactions advertising concepts draft educational materials. The goal materials increase through use a daily multivitamin. presents three phases research that led development...