Neutralization theory posits that individuals use various linguistic techniques to free themselves from guilt associated with offending and/or maintain a non-criminal self-image. Drawing on interviews 25 active juvenile street taggers in large metropolitan area of Texas, this study explores their Sykes and Matza's five neutralizations the reasons they give for drifting out offending. Results suggest offenders have several common stressors lead them engage tagging make extensive...

White-collar offenders are thought to be particularly adept at excusing and justifying their crimes. Whether this is due personal backgrounds or the characteristics of crimes is, as yet, unknown. To shed light on issue we explore various justifications excuses given by identity thieves. Using data from semistructured interviews with 49 federally convicted thieves show that they all provided numerous accounts for crimes, denial injury being most common. We also find use varies lifestyles...

Exploring offender decision-making is important to understanding criminal behavior as well assisting in the creation of justice policy. We analyzed interviews with 25 active juvenile street taggers identify sanction avoidance strategies they used minimize risk detection and apprehension by law enforcement other social control agents. The data suggested that despite risks associated tagging, participants engaged planning prior their offending relied on a number reduce chance arrest. findings...

reduced with modifications and planning to the physical environment by making involvement in criminal activity more difficult complete increasing visibility of offender thereby raising risk being caught. A new type opportunity has evolved 21st Century introduction explosion direct e-commerce opportunities online app advertisements buy sell items through such venues as Craigslist, OfferUp, Letgo, Facebook Marketplace. This crime is defined an 'appointment robbery'. Using interviews 12 active...

Scholars have long recognized the impacts of gang membership on adolescents. While some focused primarily negative effects, this seeks to understand nuanced reasoning and results joining a explicitly youth's perceptions self-esteem, efficacy, identity. Using longitudinal assessment Gang Resistance Education Training (GREAT) program, propensity score matching was conducted four attitudinal measures determine whether positive outcomes were seen among adolescents reporting one-time involvement....

<i>Researching hard-to-reach populations that are criminally active is difficult. Gaining access to these essential the success of project, however, strategies obtain can involve navigating through complex and dangerous situations. Prior research has identified a range factors influence ability researchers gain offenders. Qualitative projects encompass obtaining information from individuals mandate consider whom they need information, how appeal individuals. This relationship building...

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) postulates that crime and antisocial behavior can be deterred with the effective use proper design of physical environment.When CPTED strategies are implemented, it makes involvement in criminal more difficult to complete by increasing individual's visibility, thereby chance being caught.Using interviews 35 active juvenile street taggers from a large metropolitan area Texas, this research explores whether offenders engaging activity due...

The power threat theory (PTT) in criminal justice, as well traffic stop studies, has been documented; especially within Black populations. Through the use of reported data between 2010-2019, purpose this study is to determine 1) extent which racial disparities exist a result decisions and 2) whether stops are consistent with thesis. Results reveal that Blacks, compared other categories, significantly more likely experience stops, thus supporting PTT. Areas further research, limitations,...