A5102830133- Health disparities and outcomes
- Healthcare Quality and Management
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Global Health Care Issues
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Global Health Workforce Issues
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Quality and Safety in Healthcare
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Healthcare innovation and challenges
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit
2019-2021
University of Glasgow
1998-2021
Public Health Scotland
2000-2020
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
2008
Calvary Riverina Hospital
1991
Migrant and ethnic minority groups are often assumed to have poor health relative the majority population. Few countries capacity study a key indicator, mortality, by ethnicity country of birth. We hypothesized at least 10% differences in mortality group Scotland that would not be wholly attenuated adjustment for socio-economic factors or birth.We linked Scottish 2001 Census data (2001-2013) 4.62 million people (91% estimated population), calculating age-adjusted rate ratios (RRs; multiplied...
BackgroundEthnic minorities often experience barriers to health care. We studied six established quality indicators of health-system performance across ethnic groups in Scotland.MethodsIn this population-based cohort study, we linked ethnicity from Scotland's Census 2001 (April 29, 2001) hospital admissions and mortality records, with follow-up until April 30, 2013. Indicators included amenable deaths (ie, avertable by effective treatment), preventable public policy), avoidable (combined...
Obesity is a health problem in its own right and risk factor for other conditions such as cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of overweight obesity increased Scotland between 1995 2008 with socio-economic inequalities persisting adults over time increasing children. This paper explores changes the underlying distribution body mass index (BMI) which less well understood. Using data from Scottish Health Survey (SHeS) 2014 aged 18–64 years, we calculated population distributions BMI overall,...
Few countries record the data needed to estimate life expectancy by ethnic group. Such information is helpful in assessing extent of health inequality.Life tables were created using 3 years deaths (May 2001-April 2004) linked Scottish 2001 Census for 4.62 million individuals with self-reported ethnicity. We 8 groups based on census definitions, each at least 5000 and 40 deaths. Life birth was calculated revised Chiang method.The White males 74.7 (95% CI 74.6 74.8), similar Mixed Background...
Background Scotland was the first country to implement minimum unit pricing for alcohol nationally. Minimum aims reduce alcohol-related harms and narrow health inequalities. sets a retail price based on content, targeting products preferentially consumed by high-risk drinkers. This study comprised three components. Objectives components assessing consumption attendances in emergency departments, investigating potential unintended effects of source drug use, exploring changes public...
Abstract Background Recording patients’ ethnic group supports efforts to achieve equity in health care provision. Before the Equality Act (2010), recording at hospital admission was poor Scotland but has improved subsequently. We describe first analysis of utility such data nationally for monitoring variation. Methods analysed all in-patient or day case admissions 2013. imputed missing using most recent recorded a patient from 2009 2015. For episodes lacking an code, we attributed known...
TUMOUR TISSUES BrmOL grow in tissue culture, but induced tumours mice.This is probably due to the more favourable conditions vivo, which offer better chances of recovery for treated tumour cells than does environment vitro; it suggests that successful growth culture depends on length time desiccation.Although degree desiccation reached after 75 minutes may be high, realized dehydration not complete.If prolonged only few, if any, can expected survive.It seems three stages behaviour following...
To investigate ethnic differences in falls and road traffic injuries (RTIs) Scotland. A retrospective cohort of 4.62 million people, linking the Scottish Census 2001, with self-reported ethnicity, to hospitalisation death records for 2001–2013. We selected cases International Classification Diseases–10 diagnostic codes RTIs. Using Poisson regression, age-adjusted risk ratios (RRs, multiplied by 100 as percentages) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated sex 10 groups White reference....
Immigration into Europe has raised contrasting concerns about increased pressure on health services and equitable provision of care to immigrants or ethnic minorities. Our objective was find out if there were important differences in hospital use between the main groups Scotland. A census-based data linkage cohort study. We anonymously linked Scotland's Census 2001 records for 4.62 million people, including their group, National Health Service general hospitalisation 2001–2013. used Poisson...
Introduction Scotland is the first country to carry out a national implementation of minimum unit pricing (MUP) for alcohol. MUP aims reduce alcohol-related harms, which are high in compared with Western Europe, and improve health equalities. retail price per That approach targets high-risk alcohol users. This work key wider evaluation that will determine whether continues. There three study components. Methods analysis Component 1 sampled an estimated 2800 interviewees at baseline each two...
Little is known about the interaction between socio-economic status and 'protected characteristics' in Scotland. This study aimed to examine whether differences mortality were moderated by interactions with social class or deprivation. The practical value was pinpoint population groups for priority action on health inequality reduction improvement rather than a sole focus most deprived socioeconomic groups. We used data from Scottish Longitudinal Study which captures 5.3 % sample of Scotland...
The purpose of this study was to identify the priorities for evaluation and development using perceptions a sample participants in clinical audit Scotland. Semi‐structured interviews were held four health board areas. indicated that were: 1) validity measures used audit; 2) communications — both top‐down, bottom‐up, across units professions; 3) systematic approach planning programmes projects; 4) implementation change; 5) showing improvement patient care by closing loop.
Abstract The aim of the study was to develop and pilot a scale measuring quality audit projects through project reports. Statements about clinical were selected from existing instruments assessing form Likert scale. Audit facilitators based in Scottish health boards trusts piloted participants known have over 2 years experience supporting audit. response at first test 11 14 second 27 46. tested draft by expressing their strength agreement or disagreement with each statement for three...
Ethnicity can influence susceptibility to infection, as COVID-19 has shown. Few countries have systematically investigated ethnic variations in infection. We linked the Scotland 2001 Census, including group, national databases of hospitalizations/deaths and serological diagnoses bloodborne viruses for 2001-2013. calculated age-adjusted rate ratios (RRs) 12 groups all infections combined, 15 infection categories, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV) C (HCV) viruses. analysed...
Purpose Routine data are needed to monitor ethnic health inequalities. The proportion of hospital discharge records with ethnicity information has been improving in Scotland. aim this paper is assess whether routine can provide valid comparisons admission rates by group. Design/methodology/approach admissions four NHS Boards were analysed group and sex compare incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) coronary heart disease (CHD). A previous study linking census...
Edited by Paul B Hofman, Frankie Perry. Published Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2005, $95.00 (hardback), pp 255. ISBN 0-521-82900-3 Dick Davidson reminds us in the foreword to this important book that public perception of American hospital as a partner its community, supporting “kindly Marcus Weldon MD” 1970s television fame US, has changed. Although nurses and doctors emergency room still seem heroic, seems more like bureaucratic barrier getting way “good people trying help...
Objective: To pilot the development of a scale measuring quality audit projects through project reports. Design: Statements about clinical were selected from existing instruments, assessing projects, to form Likert scale. Setting: The facilitators based in Scottish health boards and trusts. Study participants: participants known have over 2 years experience supporting audit. response at first tests was 11 out 14 second test it 27 46. Interventions: draft tested by who expressed their...
Presents a study which investigates how it was planned to implement guidelines from the Scottish intercollegiate network (SIGN). The aimed describe activity in planning implementation of SIGN Health Service Trusts 1996, and provide baseline for evaluation. A postal questionnaire sent Clinical Audit lead person 46 Trusts. response rate after two reminders ranged 60-72 per cent across different categories Trust. asked plans individual guidelines, adaptation, professions involved, timeframes,...
The aim of this project was to compare the intentions with reported action health Trusts in Scotland prioritise and implement published SIGN clinical guidelines. All were asked about plans for implementation, resurveyed 15‐18 months later confirmation. Specific guideline implementation groups led by medical doctors most common structure. Implementation usually consisted baseline audit, development a local version, reaudit. In one case successful link between acute primary care through an...
This article takes a critical view of the evaluation activities to date on impact partnership among key public agencies and private enterprises providing services in Glasgow city centre, reduce alcohol related disorder. Partnership work already process was reconceptualized terms model community prevention problems through policy change, as tested popularized by Holder. The contained five strands, covering engagement, safer licensed premises, environmental improvements, enhancements transport...
Presents a study which investigates how it was planned to implement guidelines from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). The aimed describe activity in planning implementation of SIGN Health Service Trusts 1996, and provide baseline for evaluation. A postal questionnaire sent Clinical Audit lead person 46 Trusts. response rate after two reminders ranged 60‐72 per cent across different categories Trust. asked plans individual guidelines, adaptation, professions involved,...