Deriving individual tree crown (ITC) information from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data is of great significance to forest resource assessment smart management. After proof-of-concept studies, advanced deep learning methods have been shown high efficiency accuracy in remote sensing analysis geoscience problem solving. This study proposes a novel concept for synergetic use the YOLO-v4 network based on heightmaps directly generated airborne LiDAR ITC segmentation computer graphics...

Wetlands are important ecosystems and constitute one of the major carbon reservoirs on Earth. Therefore, accurate estimation wetland stocks, quantitative analysis spatial temporal changes in maintenance enhancement sink functions play a pivotal role achieving China's "carbon neutral" strategy. Vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) is core components ecosystem budgets. In this study, an improved CASA model spatiotemporal fusion algorithm were employed to obtain NPP data with good accuracy...

Forested environments feature a highly complex radiation regime, and solar is hindered from penetrating into the forest by 3D canopy structure; hence, shortwave varies spatiotemporally, seasonally, meteorologically, making radiant flux challenging to both measure model. Here, we developed synergetic method using airborne LiDAR data computer graphics model calculate fluxes of three plots (conifer, broadleaf, mixed). Directional incident beams were emitted according altitude azimuth angles,...

Achieving the accurate and efficient monitoring of forests at tree level can provide detailed information for precise scientific forest management. However, detection individual trees under planted characterized by dense distribution, serious overlap, complicated background is still a challenge. A new deep learning network, YOLO-DCAM, has been developed to effectively promote amidst complex scenes. The YOLO-DCAM constructed leveraging YOLOv5 network as basis further enhancing network’s...

Whereas the current complex diversity in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems and significant differences net ecosystem productivity (NEP) among various regions, as well temporal effect between vegetation climate factors, NEP was estimated 2001 2020, characterized spatiotemporal dynamics of its driving mechanisms, taking into account geographic subdivisions. The results demonstrated that multiannual mean ranged from 42.79 to 61.91 g C/m2a over past two decades, indicating a volatile upward trend....

Wetlands are one of the most productive ecosystems on earth and play an important role in maintaining ecological balance regulating climate. In this paper, 30 m resolution land use/land cover (LULC) data (2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020) were employed to analyze characteristics spatial temporal changes distribution wetlands China their evolution patterns last two decades. The results indicated that total area showed increasing trend during 2000–2020. During study period, provinces with more...

Mangrove forests are among the most productive of coastal ecosystems, providing a variety ecological functions and economic value to areas around world. Accurate identification mangrove is great importance for restoration conservation promoting development blue carbon economy achieving neutral strategies. In this study, red-edge index (REMI) was proposed based on Sentinel-2 multispectral images, using red, green, red edge, SWIR1 bands in form (red edge-red)/(SWIR1-green) combination...

The gap fraction (GF) of vegetative canopies is an important property related to the contained bulk reproductive elements and woody facets within tree crown volume. This work was developed from perspectives porous media theory computer graphics techniques, considering in canopy as a solid matrix treating gaps between them pores guide volume-based GF vol calculations. Woody components individual leaves were extracted terrestrial laser scanning data. concept equivalent leaf thickness...

Existing forest digitization studies focus on one-way management practice visualization simulation, lacking decision-making feedback and virtual-real interaction synchronization. This paper presents the vision of digital twin paradigm. We construct a to explore new carrier resources using remote sensing data, inventory Cesium Digital Earth Engine, planning theory parametric 3D modeling technology. The two-way thinning experiments showed that could provide novel pattern for in-depth analysis...

Paddy rice is a major stable food, accounting for about 20% world's food supply. And the paddy, an important artificial wetland type, plays role in regional ecological environment. This study proposes stacked generalization and spectral mixture approach to map paddy using coarse spatial resolution images [Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectralradiometer, (MODIS)]. By this method, time series MODIS enhanced vegetation index images, phenological variables, land surface water index, elevation,...

Urban tree canopy (UTC) area is an important index for evaluating the urban ecological environment; very high resolution (VHR) images are essential improving survey efficiency. However, traditional image classification methods often show low robustness when extracting complex objects from VHR images, with insufficient feature learning, object edge blur and noise. Our objective was to develop a repeatable method—superpixel-enhanced deep neural forests (SDNF)—to detect UTC distribution images....

Accurate, efficient, impersonal harvesting models play a very important role in optimizing stand spatial structural and guiding forest harvest practices. However, existing studies mainly focus on the single-objective optimization evaluation of at stand- or landscape-level, lacking considerations tree-level neighborhood interactions. Therefore, study explored combination PSO algorithm indices to construct multi-objective model (MO-PSO) covering multi-dimensional characteristics stands. Taking...

The net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation holds a pivotal character for the global carbon balance as key parameter characterizing terrestrial ecological processes. most commonly used indices estimating NPP, instance, normalized difference index (NDVI), often suffer from saturation issues that can compromise accuracy NPP estimation. This research utilizes new based on radial basis function (RBF) to estimate in Chinese ecosystems over past two decades (2001–2020) and investigates...

Accurate forest biomass estimation serves as the foundation of management and holds critical significance for a comprehensive understanding carbon storage balance. This study aimed to integrate Landsat 8 OLI Sentinel-1A SAR satellite image data selected portion Shanxia Experimental Forest in Jiangxi Province area establish model by screening influencing factors. Firstly, we extracted spectral information, vegetation indices, principal component features, texture features within 3 × 3-pixel...

Hurricanes often devastate trees throughout coastal China; accordingly, developing a method to quantitatively evaluate the changes in tree phenotypic characteristics under continuous strong winds is of great significance for guiding forest cultivation practices and mitigating wind hazards. For this research, we built lifting steel truss carrying large forced draft fan near rubber plantation on Hainan Island, aligned three selected small row front (with separation distances from outlet...