Internal corrosion is a problem for steel pipelines transporting natural gas or CO2 containing water and partial pressures of H2S higher than 0.3 kPa (0.05 psi). This work aims to mitigate internal in using cold spray coatings. Two types the binary metallic coatings (zinc chromium [ZnCr]. zinc niobium [ZnNb]) were studied electrochemical techniques: potentiodynamic polarization, linear polarization resistance, impedance spectroscopy. The resistance (ZnCr, ZnNb) was evaluated an environment 4...

Automatic image analysis measurement of grain size has been investigated as an alternative to the manual stereological methods that are well established and widely accepted. Image compares favorably methods, in much a “true” value for cannot be determined. minimizes tedium human bias associated with can provide far more information.

Abstract Internal corrosion and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) are problems for steel pipelines transporting natural gas or CO2 containing partial pressures of H2S higher than 0.3 kPa (0.05 psi). The objective this work is to mitigate internal SSC in using cold spray coatings. Two types the binary metallic coatings (zinc chromium (ZnCr), zinc niobium (ZnNb)) were studied electrochemical techniques: potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), linear resistance (LPR), impedance spectroscopy (EIS)....

Three composites that were 96% alumina mixed and uniaxially dry‐pressed into bars pellets; all had monoclinic SrAl 2 Si O 8 as an intergranular phase. The diffraction patterns, microstructure, density, dielectric properties, strength, toughness measured. first composition, which contained crystalline SrCO 3 , Al SiO in a 1:1:2 molar ratio, the 4% component, densified but was generally inferior to second third compositions, strontium aluminosilicate (SrAl x y z SAS) glass terms of mechanical...

The use of transient glass‐phase processing to lower the glass‐melting temperature and subsequent heat‐treatment stoichiometric SrAl 2 Si O 8 produce stable monoclinic form has been described. Two nonstoichiometric, low‐melting, alumina‐deficient, strontium aluminosilicate compositions were melted, quenched, milled into glass powders. B 3 was dissolved one control crystallization behavior. powders then wet‐mixed with enough alpha‐Al powder so that overall composition (B neglected). four...

Abstract Pipeline transportation systems are the most cost-effective method to transport liquid or supercritical CO2 from points of capture sites where it will be permanently stored used for industrial purposes. Many factors complicate designing an efficient transmission pipeline and selecting materials. These include gas chemistry impurities (O2, H2O, H2S), pressure, velocity. The presence in can promote steel corrosion. objective this study was investigate corrosion behavior three steels...

One of the top reasons for leaks in natural gas transmission pipelines is related to internal corrosion steel pipelines, mainly due presence incidental H 2 O and CO line. Adding a protective coating or liner inner pipe surface reduces corrosion; however, conventional coatings (e.g., paint, epoxy, polyethylene, etc.) are insufficient provide long-term resistance permeation corrosive species such as O, , Cl - . This research aimed investigate behavior binary sacrificial protection pipeline...

Abstract Internal corrosion occurs in natural gas pipelines primarily due to the presence of water, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide. can eventually result leakage, cracks, rupture pipeline. The objective this work is mitigate internal steel transporting using cold spray coatings. behavior coated with self-healing ZnCr ZnNb coatings was investigated a environment. For comparison purposes, hot-dip galvanized (HDGS) tested under same conditions as field test performed at NW Natural storage...

The microstructure of steel greatly influences the mechanical properties. For 9 wt% Cr steels, which are widely used in power generation industry, steels have a ferritic and martensitic can be altered by heat treating chemical composition variations. Fully typically having high yield strengths but low ductility. Tempering reduce amount martensite lowering strength increasing ductility alloy. Alloying alter time required for transformation. In authors' previously published research, authors...