Forest fires are the main cause of desertification, and they have a disastrous impact on agricultural forest ecosystems. Modern fire detection warning systems rely several techniques: satellite monitoring, sensor networks, image processing, data fusion, etc. Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms been applied to recognition systems, enhancing their efficiency reliability. However, these devices usually need constant transmission along with proper amount computing power, entailing...

This paper focuses on the realization of an Internet Things (IoT) architecture to optimize waste management in context Smart Cities. In particular, a novel typology sensor node based use low cost and power components is described. provided with single-chip microcontroller, able measure filling level trash bins using ultrasounds data transmission module LoRa LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology. Together node, minimal network was designed, gateway, purpose testing IoT performances....

In this paper, a pervasive monitoring system to be deployed in underground environments is presented. The has been specifically designed for the so-called "Bottini", i.e., medieval aqueducts dug beneath Centre of Siena, Italy. results measurement campaign carried out deployment scenario show that transmission range LoRa (Long Range) technology limited maximum 200 m, thus, making adoption classical star topology impossible. Hence, Linear Sensor Network proposed based on multi-hop chain-type...

This article discusses the architecture of a low-cost unmanned surface vehicle (USV) to be employed for collection crucial parameters about water quality in rivers, lakes, or sea. The vehicle, called environmental mobile observer (WeMo), has been realized exploiting off-the-shelf components and is provided with modular array sensors measure chemical physical as well perform bathymetry. requirement since expected replicated large quantities then used pervasive monitoring operations by...

Sleep posture is a key factor in assessing sleep quality, especially for individuals with Obstructive Apnea (OSA), where the sleeping position directly affects breathing patterns: side alleviates symptoms, while supine exacerbates them. Accurate detection of essential and improving quality. Automatic systems, both wearable non-wearable, have been developed to assess However, solutions can be intrusive affect sleep, non-wearable such as camera-based approaches pressure sensor arrays, often...

Sediments moved by wind, rivers, and waves round in the same way due to geometry.

In this paper the authors discuss realization of a Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) network infrastructure to be employed for monitoring activities within marine environment. particular, transmission ranges as well assessment parameters like Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) and Received Strength Indicator (RSSI) are analyzed in specific context an aquaculture industrial plant, setting up channel from offshore structure provided with LoRaWAN transmitter, ashore receiving device composed two...

This article focuses on the comparison of transmission performances within critical environments (i.e., underwater, metal enclosures and underground) for two most adopted enabling technologies Internet Things (IoT): 1) long-range wide area network (LoRaWAN) protocol 2) narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) standard. After a literature review, are surveyed compared. Then, exploited path-loss models aforesaid application scenarios presented. In order to assess compare performances, multiprotocol wireless...

This paper aims at proposing an augmented sensing method for estimating volumetric water content (VWC) in soil Internet of Underground Things (IoUT) applications. The system exploits IoUT sensor node embedding a low-cost, low-precision moisture and long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN) transceiver sending relative measurements within LoRaWAN packets. VWC estimation is achieved by means machine learning (ML) algorithms combining the readings provided with received signal strength indicator...

The aim of this paper is to discuss the usability vibrations as energy sources, for implementation self-sufficient wireless sensing platforms within Industrial Internet Things (IIoT) framework. In context, proposes equip vibrating assets like machinery with piezoelectric sensors, used set up hard-to-reach positions. Preliminary measurements well extended laboratory tests are proposed understand behavior commercial sensors when employed harvesters. First, a general architecture...

Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) has rapidly become one of the key enabling technologies for development Internet Things (IoT) architectures. A wide range different solutions relying on this communication technology can be found in literature: nevertheless, most part these architectures focus single task systems. Conversely, aim paper is to present architecture a LoRaWAN infrastructure gathering under same network typologies services within significant sub-systems Smart City ecosystem...

This article shows the feasibility of a high-frequency RFID passive sensor tag equipped with sensors based on thin-film circuit Si substrate for measurement soil moisture. Three tags embedding different sensing systems compliant energy harvesting requirements were developed. The used previously characterized aim tailoring an adequate electronic front-end. All typical solutions moisture detection implemented: fringe capacitance sensor, impedance and finally humidity functionalization TiO <sub...

The aim of this article is to discuss the usability long-range (LoRa) transmission technology together with LoRa wide-area network (LoRaWAN) protocol for underground monitoring activities. In particular, focuses on performances in different soils (i.e., gravel, sand, and clay), an underground-to-aboveground (UG2AG) communication. three have been chosen order test system behavior case pure soil compositions, provide a general result that can be used evaluate chances any kind soil. channel...

In this paper we present the realization of a 3D virtual museum tour through use paired full-panoramas, to be displayed using Head-Mounted Display “Oculus Rift”. The analyzes in details every stage project, from starting point, i.e. collection required images, end, that is creation itself. proposed solution conceived developed off-the-shelf devices order easily replicated other contexts: particular, image capture performed two GoPro Hero 3 cameras. While can applied several different...

This article presents the architecture and performances of a long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN) infrastructure used for data transmission from floating sensor node placed in middle sea to multigateway structure positioned on coast, whose purpose is monitoring offshore breeding cages within fish farming plant. In particular, installed seamark buoy it interfaced with ad hoc sensors measurement marine parameters. All sampled are conveyed ashore Gateways by successfully covering distance...

This paper discusses the use of an integrated ultrasonic transducer for realization a LoRa-based Smart Bin architecture, to be employed waste management in Cities context. In particular, analyses usability waterproof sensors measurement level inside trash bin: this context, solution is described increase directionality sensor. Indeed, used common off-the-shelf ranging systems are characterized by wide radiation lobe, corresponding aperture angle up 70°: means that, when bins, these detect...

Fish farming is nowadays a crucial sector for food industry all around the world. While total amount of captured fish production has remained almost constant in last 30 years (around 90 millions tonnes according to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) United States), same span time quantity bred increased tenfold, reaching one. What was once little more than hand-crafted production, now an actual industrial sector, employing 60 million workers Like sectors, aquaculture can considerably...

Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) play crucial roles in the implementation of low-power and low-cost wide area distributed systems. Currently, two enabling technologies are main competitors within connectivity field for Internet Things (IoT), primarily because their scalability, range low power features: Long Range Network (LoRaWAN) Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT). In this paper, a brand new network architecture is presented, which combines both aforementioned technologies. Such accounts sensor...

This paper aims at demonstrating the energy self-sufficiency of a LoRaWAN-based sensor node for monitoring environmental parameters exploiting harvesting directly coming from artificial light used in indoor horticulture. A portable polycrystalline silicon module is to charge Li-Po battery, employed as power reserve wireless able accurately monitor, with 1-h period, both physical quantities most relevant application, i.e., humidity, temperature and pressure, chemical quantities, O2 CO2...