With fishery incidents emerging as a major threat to peace and stability in the South China Sea, better understanding of underlying causes these becomes important. Mainstream media, substantial body academic literature, attribute fishing incidents, growing presence Chinese fishermen China's strategic political motives, claiming that are actually militia. Through revisiting prevailing militia narrative, this article argues much wider economic social factors at work domestically China,...

This article explores arguments about the international legality of compulsory pilotage in Torres Strait. Although measure has been opposed by some user states because Strait is a strait used for navigation, Australia and Papua New Guinea believe necessary to overcome risks posed unpiloted shipping passing through hazardous waters. The good health marine environment essential, particularly well-being indigenous peoples area. concludes that reflects obligations both border preserve protect...

This paper considers arrangements for providing maritime security in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) at both national and regional levels. The main requirement level is a mechanism or mechanisms cooperation on concerns between countries themselves these extra-regional that have legitimate interest IOR security. At necessary capacity includes coordination various agencies involved operational capabilities law enforcement to provide good order sea. discusses relative attributes of navy coast...

This paper describes the current situation with piracy and armed robbery at sea in Indo-Pacific region, particularly off Horn of Africa Southeast Asia. may be aggravated due to downturn international shipping following global financial crisis. has led surplus capacity, crews paid off, lower profits, ship owners seeking cut costs. Many ships are laid up anchorages prone robbery, there is a risk that might less well maintained operated. also explains how some more vulnerable attack than...

Wicked Problems problems are an important concept in public policy. (1) They pressing and highly complex issues for policy formulation that involve many causal factors high levels of disagreement about the nature a problem best way to handle it. The term wicked is not used denote something evil, but asa mathematician might use describe resistant resolution. fundamental differences between stakeholders, who typically have deeply held convictions correctness their own position. Effective...

Abstract The 1982 UN Convention on the Law of Sea (UNCLOS) provides foundation for an effective regional maritime security regime. However, this large and complex is not without its limitations. There are many examples apparent non-compliance with norms principles, United States, as a key player in security, party to it. root causes problems East Asia lie basic conflicts interest between countries law sea issues, "built-in" ambiguity UNCLOS several regimes, geographical complexity region....

Asian maritime power in the 21st century – strategic transactions China, India and Southeast Asia, by Vijay Sakhuja, Singapore, Institute of Studies, 2011, 363+xv pp., US$39.90 (pap...

This article adopts a risk assessment approach identifying the maritime threats and challenges that might confront Asia over next decade. It addresses evolving strategic environment, shifts in balance of power likelihood impact particular domain. Issues considered include: consequences sovereignty disputes; developments regional naval forces; increased exploitation marine resources, both living non-living; trends illegal activity at sea. Three scenarios for future security environment are...

The international shipping industry has experienced a marked downturn as result of the global economic recession with surplus capacity, crews being paid off, lower profits, and ship-owners seeking to cut costs. This paper addresses maritime security implications these developments. These include larger numbers ships laid up in anchorages possibly prone pirate attack, risk that might be less well maintained operated. However, most serious impacts are on seafarers who experiencing reduced...

Abstract Greater numbers of submarines are being acquired in the Asia-Pacific. This development poses challenges region for preventive diplomacy, maritime confidence building, and ensuring safety submarine operations. However, countries extremely sensitive about operations meeting these will be difficult. The article discusses technological developments with antisubmarine warfare implications regional naval It identifies risks associated increased submarines, particularly narrow seas East...

Abstract This paper evaluates the effectiveness of Port State Control (PSC) regime in relation to ensuring safety and security international shipping against threats piracy maritime terrorism Indian Ocean Region (IOR). Responsibility for compliance with required standards rests primarily flag states vessels, but practice, effective is verified mainly through system (PSC). However, PSC appears ineffective IOR, including around Horn Africa, where acts armed robbery ships are prevalent....

Abstract Oxygen demand in river substrates providing important habitats for the early life stages of aquatic ecology, including lithophilous fish, can arise due to oxidation sediment‐associated organic matter. depletion associated with this component biogeochemical cycling, will, part, depend on sources such material. A reconnaissance survey was therefore undertaken assess relative contributions from bed matter potentially impacting River Axe Special Area Conservation (SAC), SW England....

(2006). Safety and Security in the Malacca Singapore Straits. Maritime Studies: Vol. 2006, No. 148, pp. 20-23.

��� With the objective of improving quality assessments threat to shipping in Malacca and Singapore Straits, this article provides an appreciation pattern traffic types vessel using Straits. It is based on notion that statements about number ships passing through Straits a per day, month or year basis obscure more important relative vulnerability different ship. Consideration must be given vessel, their routes location. The paper distinguishes between transiting Pacific Indian Ocean; local...