We present two spatial-multiplexed switch-and-select (S&S) 8x8 optical switches incorporating a tri-layer SiN-on-Si platform, one equipped with thermo-optic (T-O) and the other electro-optic (E-O) switching elements. To best of our knowledge, switch fabric is first-of-its-kind device assembled in such multi-layer platform. The shuffle between multiplexer demultiplexer array established via Si-SiN-SiN structure, creating three-dimensional crossing-free photonic network. At same time,...

Digital radio over fibre (RoF) technology has been suggested as a promising solution to replace conventional analogue RoF for multi-service in-building wireless coverage. However in digital RoF, digitisation leads high data rates which turn results capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational (OPEX). This paper investigates novel methodology transmit efficiently digitised service an optical link provide We demonstrate processing technique that is able compress the 20MHz bandwidth Long Term...

In this paper, a phase and RSSI-based method for indoor localization of UHF RFID tags is proposed demonstrated. The exploits the received RSSI profile combined with location moving antenna to locate target tags. measurements are collected by mobile robot carrying reader antennas. By analyzing RSSI, which strength can indicate whether signal stable or not, valid be obtained. After obtaining according along trajectory calculated from stationary point curve. orthogonal distance estimated...

Broadband access services in the era of 5G and beyond are driving evolution optical networks from a fiber-to-the-home/ fiber-to-the-building infrastructure to more common platform, compatible with both wired wireless broadband services. Accordingly, flexible network plays pivotal role catering various service requirements. This work proposes reconfigurable converged fronthaul for using 4◊4 microring resonator (MRR) based silicon photonic (SiP) switch fabric. Reconfigurable selection is...

This article explored the application of posterior predictive model checking (PPMC) method in assessing fit for unidimensional polytomous item response theory (IRT) models, specifically divide-by-total models (e.g., generalized partial credit model). Previous research has primarily focused on using PPMC and multidimensional IRT dichotomous data, paid little attention to models. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted investigate performance detecting different sources misfit family. Results...

In large-scale process industries, one of the great challenges is to achieve optimum operation systems with multi-time-scale property and partially unknown models. To this end, article proposes a novel multi-rate layered operational optimal control (OOC) method, which employs lifting technique unify relatively fast dual-rate basic loop layer slow single-rate layer. Besides, by integrating model-based predictive data-based actor-critic reinforcement learning (RL) layer, it overcomes...

Digital radio-over-fibre transmission has been studied extensively as a way of providing seamless last-mile wireless connectivity by carrying digitised radio frequency (RF) services over broadband optical infrastructures. With the growing demand on capacity and number services, key challenge is enormous scale digital data generated after digitisation process. In turn, this leads to links needing have very large hence, high capital expenditure (CAPEX). paper, we firstly present then...

A novel RFID inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR)-synthetic (SAR) localization method is proposed and demonstrated which exploits reference tags with known locations to estimate the trajectory of a mobile platform locate target unknown locations. system that integrates robot an integrated reader antenna used obtain phase measurements both when moving along its trajectory. The ISAR algorithm estimates ISAR-SAR loop then adjusts estimated combined determine their location. performance...

The present study investigates different approaches to adding covariates and the impact in fitting mixture item response theory models. Mixture models serve as an important methodology for tackling several psychometric issues test development, including detection of latent differential functioning. A Monte Carlo simulation is conducted which data generated according a two-class Rasch model with both dichotomous continuous are fitted misspecified examine effects covariate inclusion on...

The C-test is a type of gap-filling test designed to efficiently measure second language proficiency. typical consists several short paragraphs with the half every word deleted. words deleted parts are considered as items nested within corresponding paragraph. Given this testlet structure, it commonly taken for granted that design may violate local independence assumption. However, assumption has not been fully investigated in research date, including evaluation alternative psychometric...

This study describes a novel feed‐forward segmented digital automatic gain control (FSD‐AGC) algorithm for long term evolution (LTE) radio‐over‐fibre (DRoF) systems. It experimentally demonstrates the using DRoF platform based on real‐time field programmable gate arrays. The FSD‐AGC is able to update power status accurately with short delay (about 100 samples) and adjust precisely by only one step. can make full use of analogue‐to‐digital converter quantisation bits width without...

This paper demonstrates a novel digital radio over fibre (DRoF) architecture that is able to transport multiple compressed digitised RF services using both optical and wireless millimetre wave (mmW) links. solution has advantages as cost effective indoor infrastructure where flexible transmission schemes are required. Experimental results indicate wide dynamic range for two LTE transmitted simultaneously, showing its capability creating neutral-host access network (RAN) with good spectral...

This paper demonstrates a novel digital radio-over-fiber system using millimeter-wave bridge giving access where fiber cannot. The can transport multiple digitised LTE-compatible signals with high spectral efficiency, low latency, and wide dynamic range.

In this paper we propose multicore fiber (MCF) as the medium to transport different signals associated with various wireless applications (ranging from access fronthauling and backhauling) baseband unit (BBU) cell-site. Using 1 km of a 7-core MCF, simultaneously transmit fronthaul backhaul BBU cell site, where they are converted carrier frequencies in mm-wave sub-THz band, respectively. The is evaluated 12.5 GBd 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal, whereas 7 Gbit/s on-off keying...

A novel RFID synthetic aperture radar (SAR) based localization method using an antenna trajectory estimated known reference tags of location is proposed and demonstrated to find the target who's not known. robot with integrated reader used obtain phase measurements both in indoor environment. The moving Inverse SAR (ISAR) sensing algorithm. then combined compute their a conventional performance compared located by where measured LiDAR. Experimental results show similar (15cm mean absolute...

This report investigates the prediction of labor force status using observed variables, such as gender, age, and immigrant status, more importantly, measured skill including literacy proficiency a categorical rating educational attainment based on 1994 International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS), 2003 Life Skills (ALL), 2011 Programme for Assessment Competencies (PIAAC) projects. We explored regression relations in past two decades six trend countries subnational regions that provide data all...

We demonstrate an 8×8 optical fronthaul switching system that combines real-time data and control functions. It attains >40dB RF >10dB dynamic range, facilitating both multicasting within a single silicon switch fabric.

Compressed DRoF-based fronthaul links enable cost-effective last-mile wireless coverage. This paper demonstrates a novel system which carries 12 LTE services over both optical fibre and photonically-generated THz with 40 dB dynamic range.

With the development of fast digitiser and digital signal processing techniques, wide-band radio-over-fiber (DRoF) based wireless fronthaul systems have been extensively studied as a way offering multi-service coverage. data compression, high rate caused by digitisation can be reduced so to minimise infrastructure cost for last-mile cellular However, compression always comes with lower input power dynamic range. To overcome issue, this paper proposes novel fast-settling two-stage automatic...

This paper demonstrates a novel digital radio distribution system able to transmit not only over optical fibres and coaxial cables but also twisted pair cables. The digitised RF signal is compressed for maximum transmission efficiency in way that allows integral self-learning algorithms be introduced multi-service applications.

A free-space optics (FSO) based fronthaul final drop is proposed, enabling cost-effective remote unit deployment. Experimental results show >45dB RF dynamic range and an EVM of 1.1% for a 2x20MHz 64QAM signal.

A novel hybrid analog-digital free space optical fronthaul is proposed. Wideband spectral nulls in the digitized allow analog RF insertion, enabling cost-effective simultaneous transmission.

An RoF system using a quadrature-multiplexing technique is shown experimentally to improve the 3rd order SFDR by 2.7dB over an intrinsic optical link. As result of orthogonality between quadrature sidebands, can support MIMO.