An algorithm for automatic spinal pedicle screw planning is reported and evaluated in simulation first clinical studies. A statistical atlas of the lumbar spine (N = 40 members) was constructed active shape model (ASM) registration target vertebrae to an unsegmented patient CT. The augmented include 'reference' trajectories through pedicles as defined by a neurosurgeon. Following ASM registration, are transformed CT accumulated define patient-specific trajectory, diameter, length....

Metal artifacts present a challenge to cone-beam CT (CBCT) image-guided surgery, obscuring visualization of metal instruments and adjacent anatomy-often in the very region interest pertinent imaging/surgical tasks. We method reduce influence by prospectively defining an image acquisition protocol-viz., C-arm source-detector orbit-that mitigates metal-induced biases projection data. The artifact avoidance (MAA) is compatible with simple mobile C-arms, does not require exact prior information...

To characterize the radiation dose and three-dimensional (3D) imaging performance of a recently developed mobile, isocentric C-arm equipped with flat-panel detector (FPD) for intraoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) (Cios Spin 3D, Siemens Healthineers) to identify potential improvements in 3D protocols pertinent tasks.The features 30 × cm2 FPD gantry computer-controlled motorization rotation (0-195°), angulation (±220°), height (0-45 cm). Geometric calibration was assessed terms 9...

Surgical reduction of pelvic dislocation is a challenging procedure with poor long-term prognosis if does not accurately restore natural morphology. The often requires long fluoroscopic exposure times and trial-and-error to achieve accurate reduction. We report method automatically compute the target pose dislocated bones in preoperative CT provide 3D guidance using routine 2D fluoroscopy. A statistical shape model (SSM) (SPM) were formed from an atlas 40 images. Multi-body bone segmentation...

Purpose: Data-intensive modeling could provide insight on the broad variability in outcomes spine surgery. Previous studies were limited to analysis of demographic and clinical characteristics. We report an analytic framework called "SpineCloud" that incorporates quantitative features extracted from perioperative images predict surgery outcome. Approach: A retrospective study was conducted which patient demographics, imaging, outcome data collected. Image automatically computed CT....

Motivation/Purpose: This work reports the development and validation of an algorithm to automatically detect localize vertebrae in CT images patients undergoing spine surgery. Slice-by-slice detections using state-of-the art 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures were combined estimate vertebra centroid location 3D including a method that sagittal coronal slices. The solution facilitates applications image guided surgery automatic computation analytics for surgical data science....

<strong>Purpose:</strong> Metal artifacts remain a challenge for CBCT systems in diagnostic imaging and image-guided surgery, obscuring visualization of metal instruments surrounding anatomy. We present method to predict C-arm orbits that will avoid by acquiring projection data is least affected polyenergetic bias. <strong>Methods:</strong> The artifact avoidance (MAA) operates with minimum prior information, compatible simple mobile C-arms are increasingly prevalent routine use, consistent...

The fidelity of image-guided neurosurgical procedures is often compromised due to the mechanical deformations that occur during surgery. In recent work, a framework was developed predict extent this brain shift in brain-tumor resection procedures. approach uses preoperatively determined surgical variables and then subsequently corrects patient's preoperative image volume more closely match intraoperative state brain. However, clinical workflow difficulty with execution acquisition variables....

Abstract Purpose . Target localization in pulmonary interventions (e.g. transbronchial biopsy of a lung nodule) is challenged by deformable motion and may benefit from fluoroscopic overlay the target to provide accurate guidance. We present evaluate 3D–2D image registration method for presence tissue deformation using multi-resolution/multi-scale (MRMS) framework with an objective function that drives primarily soft-tissue gradients. Methods The MRMS registers 3D cone-beam CT 2D fluoroscopy...

Spinal degeneration and deformity present an enormous healthcare burden, with spine surgery among the main treatment modalities. Unfortunately, (e.g., lumbar fusion) exhibits broad variability in quality of outcome, ~20-40% patients gaining no benefit pain or function ("failed back surgery") earning criticism that is difficult to reconcile versus rapid growth frequency cost over last decade. Vital advancing care are improved clinical decision support (CDS) tools accurate, explainable,...

Purpose: Measurement of global spinal alignment (GSA) is an important aspect diagnosis and treatment evaluation for deformity but subject to a high level inter-reader variability. Approach: Two methods automatic GSA measurement are proposed mitigate such variability reduce the burden manual measurements. Both approaches use vertebral labels in spine computed tomography (CT) as input: first (EndSeg) segments endplates using input seed points; second (SpNorm) computes two-dimensional...

<strong>Purpose</strong>: A method and prototype for a fluoroscopically-guided surgical robot is reported assisting pelvic fracture fixation. The approach extends the compatibility of existing guidance methods with C-arms that are in mainstream use (without prior geometric calibration) using an online calibration C-arm geometry automated via registration to patient anatomy. We report first preclinical studies this cadaver evaluation accuracy. <strong>Methods</strong>: placed over within...

Purpose. We report the initial implementation of an algorithm that automatically plans screw trajectories for spinal pedicle placement procedures to improve workflow, accuracy, and reproducibility in freehand navigated robot-assisted surgery. In this work, we evaluate sensitivity settings key parameters simulation studies. Methods. Statistical shape models (SSMs) lumbar spine were constructed with segmentations L1-L5 bilateral N=40 patients. Active-shape model (ASM) registration was devised...

<strong>Purpose.</strong> Fracture reduction is a challenging part of orthopaedic pelvic trauma procedures, resulting in poor long-term prognosis if does not accurately restore natural morphology. Manual preoperative planning performed to obtain target transformations bones – process that and time-consuming even experts within the rapid workflow emergent care fluoroscopically guided surgery. We report method for fracture using novel image-based registration framework....

We report the initial development of an image-based solution for robotic assistance pelvic fracture fixation. The approach uses intraoperative radiographs, preoperative CT, and end effector known design to align robot with target trajectories in CT. method extends previous work solve robot-to-patient registration from a single radiographic view (without C-arm rotation) addresses workflow challenges associated integrating orthopaedic trauma surgery form that could be broadly applicable...

Brain shift describes the deformation that brain undergoes from mechanical and physiological effects typically during a neurosurgical or neurointerventional procedure. With respect to image guidance techniques, has been shown compromise fidelity of these approaches. In recent work, computational pipeline developed predict "brain shift" based on preoperatively determined surgical variables (such as head orientation), subsequently correct preoperative images more closely match intraoperative...

Metal artifacts present a frequent challenge to cone-beam CT (CBCT) in image-guided surgery, obscuring visualization of metal instruments and adjacent anatomy. Recent advances mobile C-arm systems have enabled 3D imaging capacity with non-circular orbits. We extend previously proposed avoidance (MAA) method reduce the influence by prospectively defining orbit that avoids metal-induced biases projection domain. Accurate geometric calibration is an important accurate image reconstruction for...

E-mail has been considered as one of the most primary communication channels among users with rapid extension internet.Unfortunately e-mail is also those tools, if not used properly could bring in irreparable consequences.But, recently increasing popularity and fewer cost sending an email makes it very easy to send unsolicited messages blindly thousands people at no all by using easily available bulk mailing software large lists addresses typically harvested, even purchased or rented from...

Existing methods to improve the accuracy of tibiofibular joint reduction present workflow challenges, high radiation exposure, and a lack precision, leading poor surgical outcomes. To address these limitations, we propose method perform robot-assisted using intraoperative imaging align dislocated fibula target pose relative tibia.The approach (1) localizes robot via 3D-2D registration custom plate adapter attached its end effector, (2) tibia multi-body registration, (3) drives reduce...

Objective. Surgical guidewires are commonly used in placing fixation implants to stabilize fractures. Accurate positioning of these instruments is challenged by difficulties 3D reckoning from 2D fluoroscopy. This work aims enhance the accuracy and reduce exposure times providing navigation for guidewire placement as little two fluoroscopic images.Approach. Our approach combines machine learning-based segmentation with geometric model imager determine poses guidewires. Instrument tips encoded...

Robot-assisted orthopaedic joint reduction offers enhanced precision and control across multiple axes of motion, enabling precise realignment according to predefined plans. However, the high levels forces encountered may induce unintended anatomical motion flex mechanical components. To address this, this work presents an approach that uses 2D fluoroscopic imaging verify readjust 3D path by tracking deviations from planned trajectory. The proposed method involves a 3D-2D registration...

Purpose: A method for fluoroscopic guidance of a robotic assistant is presented instrument placement in pelvic trauma surgery. The solution uses images acquired standard clinical workflow and helps avoid repeat fluoroscopy commonly performed during implant guidance. Approach: Images from mobile C-arm are used to perform 3D–2D registration both the patient (via CT) robot CAD model surgical attached its end effector, e.g; drill guide), guiding target trajectories defined CT. proposed approach...

Screening colonoscopy is an important clinical application for several 3D computer vision techniques, including depth estimation, surface reconstruction, and missing region detection. However, the development, evaluation, comparison of these techniques in real videos remain largely qualitative due to difficulty acquiring ground truth data. In this work, we present a Colonoscopy Video Dataset (C3VD) acquired with high definition colonoscope high-fidelity colon models benchmarking methods...