A5022575958- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Apelin-related biomedical research
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
University of Turin
2016-2025
Diabetes Australia
2021
Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital
2015
McGill University
2015
Temple University
2014
Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
2014
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
2013
Fondazione Ricerca Molinette
2002-2012
Baylor College of Medicine
2003
Ghrelin is an acyl-peptide gastric hormone acting on the pituitary and hypothalamus to stimulate growth (GH) release, adiposity, appetite. endocrine activities are entirely dependent its acylation mediated by GH secretagogue (GHS) receptor (GHSR)-1a, a G protein–coupled mostly expressed in hypothalamus, previously identified as for group of synthetic molecules featuring activity. Des-acyl ghrelin, which far more abundant than does not bind GHSR-1a, devoid any activity, function currently...
Bilirubin clearance is one of the numerous important functions liver. Defects in this process result jaundice, which particularly common neonates. Elevated bilirubin levels can be decreased by treatment with phenobarbital. Because nuclear hormone receptor constitutive androstane (CAR) mediates hepatic effects xenobiotic inducer, we hypothesized that CAR could a regulator clearance. Activation increases expression each five components bilirubin-clearance pathway. This induction absent...
Among its pleiotropic actions, ghrelin modulates insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. Herein we investigated the role of in pancreatic beta-cell proliferation apoptosis induced by serum starvation or interferon (IFN)-gamma/TNF-alpha, whose synergism is a major cause for destruction type I diabetes. HIT-T15 beta-cells expressed but not receptor (GRLN-R), which binds acylated (AG) only. However, both unacylated (UAG) AG recognized common high-affinity binding sites on these cells. Either...
Obestatin is a newly discovered peptide encoded by the ghrelin gene whose biological functions are poorly understood. We investigated obestatin effect on survival of beta-cells and human pancreatic islets underlying signaling pathways.beta-Cells were used to assess cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, intracellular signaling, expression.Obestatin showed specific binding HIT-T15 INS-1E beta-cells, bound glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), recognized sites. exerted proliferative,...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated in the crosstalk between adipocytes and other metabolic organs, an altered biological cargo has been observed EVs from human obese adipose tissue (AT). Yet, role of adipocyte-derived pancreatic β cells remains to be determined. Here, we explored effects released isolated both rodents humans AT explants on survival function islets. healthy 3T3-L1 increased proliferation promoted insulin secretion INS-1E islets, those untreated or exposed cytokines...
The metabolic actions of the ghrelin gene-derived peptide obestatin are still unclear. We investigated effects in vitro, on adipocyte function, and vivo, insulin resistance inflammation mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Obestatin apoptosis, differentiation, lipolysis, glucose uptake were determined vitro mouse 3T3-L1 human subcutaneous (hSC) omental (hOM) adipocytes. In influence metabolism was assessed an HFD for 8 wk. 3T3-L1, hSC, hOM preadipocytes adipocytes secreted showed specific binding...
Pancreatic islet microendothelium exhibits unique features in interdependent relationship with beta cells. Gastrointestinal products of the ghrelin gene, acylated (AG), unacylated (UAG) and obestatin (Ob), incretin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), prevent apoptosis pancreatic We investigated whether gene GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 (Ex-4) display survival effects human microendothelial cells (MECs) exposed to chronic hyperglycaemia. Islet MECs were cultured high glucose concentration...
To clarify the metabolic effects of an overnight i.v. infusion unacylated ghrelin (UAG) in humans. UAG exerts relevant actions, likely mediated by a still unknown receptor subtype, including on β-cell viability and function, insulin secretion sensitivity, glucose lipid metabolism. We studied 16-h (from 2100 to 1300 h) (1.0 μg/kg per or saline eight normal subjects (age (mean±s.e.m.), 29.6±2.4 years; body mass index (BMI), 22.4±1.7 kg/m2), who were served, at 0800 h respectively, with...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial in long-term diabetes complications, including peripheral artery disease (PAD). In this study, we have investigated the potential clinical impact of unacylated ghrelin (UnAG) a glucose intolerance and PAD mouse model. We demonstrate that UnAG is able to protect skeletal muscle endothelial cells (ECs) from ROS imbalance hind limb ischemia–subjected ob/ob mice. This effect translates into reductions functional impairment. show rescues sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)...
Surgical treatment of peripheral artery disease, even if successful, does not prevent reoccurrence. Under these conditions, increased oxidative stress is a crucial determinant tissue damage. Given its reported antioxidant effects, we investigated the potential unacylated-ghrelin (UnAG) to reduce ischemia-induced damage in mouse model disease.We show that UnAG but acylated ghrelin (AG) induces skeletal muscle regeneration response ischemia via canonical p38/mitogen-actived protein kinase...
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 has both growth-inhibiting and growth-promoting effects at the cellular level. The cytotoxic action of several anticancer drugs is linked to increased ceramide generation through sphingomyelin hydrolysis or de novo biosynthesis. Herein, we investigated role IGFBP-3 on apoptosis human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) its relationship with levels. We report that exerts dual HUVEC, potentiating doxorubicin-induced but enhancing...
Recent experimental data demonstrate cardiovascular effects of the GH secretagogues (GHSs) hexarelin and ghrelin, proposed natural ligand for GHS receptor. Moreover, specific cardiac binding sites GHSs have been suggested. The aim present study was to investigate if ghrelin synthetic peptide analogues direct on cardiomyocyte cell line, H9c2. Hexarelin stimulated thymidine incorporation in a dose-dependent manner with significant responses at 3 micro M (147+/-3% control, P<0.01) elicited...
The ghrelin gene products, namely acylated (AG), unacylated (UAG), and obestatin (Ob), were shown to prevent pancreatic β-cell death improve function under treatment with cytokines, which are major cause of destruction in diabetes. Moreover, AG had been described previously streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes rats; however, the effect either UAG or Ob has never examined this context. In present study, we investigated potential increase islet mass reduce at adult age STZ-treated neonatal...
AimsThe hypothalamic neuropeptide growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) stimulates GH synthesis and release in the pituitary. GHRH also exerts proliferative effects extrapituitary cells, whereas antagonists have been shown to suppress cancer cell proliferation. We investigated on cardiac myocyte survival underlying signalling mechanisms.