Beta cells within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans respond to stimulation with coherent oscillations membrane potential and intracellular calcium concentration that presumably drive pulsatile exocytosis insulin. Their rhythmic activity is multimodal, resulting from networked feedback interactions various oscillatory subsystems, such as glycolytic, mitochondrial, electrical/calcium components. How these modules interact affect collective cellular activity, which a prerequisite for proper...

We present a model of ATP production in pancreatic beta cells, focusing on dynamics within the bulk cytosol, submembrane region, and microdomains near KATP channels. is generated through glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) glycolytic pyruvate kinase-mediated phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) production, supported by PEP cycling between mitochondria cytosol. The examines relation to Ca2+ oscillations, elucidating their interdependent dynamics. Our findings demonstrate that...

Pancreatic beta cells regulate insulin secretion in response to glucose by generating ATP, which modulates ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) channel activity and Ca2+ dynamics. We present a model of ATP production pancreatic cells, focusing on dynamics within the bulk cytosol, submembrane region, microdomains near KATP channels. is generated through glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), glycolytic pyruvate kinase-mediated phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) production,...

Background and Objectives: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication following cardiac surgery, associated with increased morbidity prolonged hospital stays. Oxidative stress has been implicated in POAF pathogenesis, malondialdehyde (MDA), marker of lipid peroxidation, proposed as potential biomarker. However, conflicting evidence exists regarding its predictive value. This study aimed to assess the association between serum MDA levels incidence patients undergoing...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex multifactorial disease of epidemic proportions. It involves genetic and lifestyle factors that lead to dysregulations in hormone secretion metabolic homeostasis. Accumulating evidence indicates altered mitochondrial structure, function, particularly bioenergetics cells different tissues have central role the pathogenesis type mellitus. In present study, we explore how dysfunction impairs coupling between metabolism exocytosis pancreatic alpha beta cells....

We propose a detailed computational beta cell model that emphasizes the role of anaplerotic metabolism under glucose and glucose-glutamine stimulation. This goes beyond traditional focus on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation ATP-sensitive K+ channels, highlighting predominant generation ATP from phosphoenolpyruvate in vicinity KATP channels. It also underlines modulatory H2O2 as signaling molecule first phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In second phase, critical pathways,...

We propose a detailed computational beta cell model that emphasizes the role of anaplerotic metabolism under glucose and glucose-glutamine stimulation goes beyond traditional focus on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation ATP-sensitive K+ channels highlights predominant generation ATP from phosphoenolpyruvate in vicinity KATP modulatory H2O2 as signaling molecule first phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In second phase, critical NADPH various pathways, adaptive function...

Summary Background A non-inferiority clinical study evaluated the efficacy and safety of abobotulinumtoxinA vs. incobotulinumtoxinA intradetrusor injections in women with overactive bladder urge urinary incontinence. Also, effect local anesthesia on pain level procedure was assessed. Methods Patients were randomized to receive 20 either 300 U or 100 incobotulinumtoxinA. They further (40 ml 1% lidocaine solution) placebo before botulinum toxin injection. Before 4 months after each patient...

Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disorder in modern society and may precede hyperglycemia diabetes by several years. Exactly how disorders of lipid glucose metabolism are related still mystery many respects. We analyze the effects hyperlipidemia, particularly free fatty acids, on pancreatic beta cells insulin secretion. have developed computational model to quantitatively estimate specific pathways secretion assess short- long-term exposure elevated concentrations acids. show that major...

The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors, prodromal symptoms, non-motor symptoms (NMS), and motor (MS) in different Parkinson's disease (PD) subtypes, classified using newly established criteria a data-driven approach.A total 168 patients with idiopathic PD underwent comprehensive NMS MS examinations. were assessed by Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Depression (HAM-D), Anxiety Rating (HAM-A), REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening...

Glucose metabolism plays a crucial role in modulating glucagon secretion pancreatic alpha cells. However, the downstream effects of glucose and activated signaling pathways influencing granule exocytosis are still obscure. We developed computational cell model, implementing metabolic free fatty acids (FFA) catabolism an intrinsically cAMP pathway. According to model predictions, increased catabolic activity is able suppress pathway, reducing Ca2+-dependent Ca2+ independent manner. The effect...

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a burdensome problem in modern society, and intensive research focused on better understanding the underlying cellular mechanisms of hormone secretion for blood glucose regulation. T2DM bi-hormonal disease, addition to 100 years increasing knowledge about importance insulin, second glucagon, secreted by pancreatic alpha cells, becoming increasingly important. We have developed mathematical model glucagon that incorporates all major metabolic processes...

Traditionally, Socratic Lectures are mainly devoted to students and young scientists.To optimize the transfer of knowledge from excellence youth, curricula examination procedures were being updated since initiation this process in 2008.This year, 8 Medicine taking place at Faculty Medicine, University Ljubljana have participated elective subject Biomechanics joints.Within contribution we report on results.