In this paper, we develop a modeling framework for studying free-locomotion of biomimetic underwater vehicles propelled by vibrating ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs). The motion the vehicle body is described using rigid dynamics in fluid environments. Hydrodynamic effects, such as added mass and damping, are included model to enable thorough description vehicle's surge, sway, yaw motions. time-varying actions exerted IPMC on body, including thrust, lift, moment, estimated combining...

In this paper, we analytically and experimentally study the energy harvesting capability of submerged ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs). We consider base excitation an IPMC strip that is shunted with electric impedance immersed in a fluid environment. develop modeling framework to predict scavenged from vibration as function frequency range, constitutive geometric properties IPMC, shunting load. The mechanical modeled through Kirchhoff–Love plate theory. effect encompassing on described...

This paper describes a new three-dimensional (3D) fused filament additive manufacturing (AM) technique in which electroactive polymer material is used to build soft active 3D structures, layer by layer. Specifically, the unique actuation and sensing properties of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) are exploited printing create structures for application robotics bio-inspired systems. The process begins with extruding precursor (non-acid Nafion resin) into thermoplastic printing. then...

We study nonlinear vibrations of cantilever beams oscillating in viscous fluids. A handleable expression for the inertial and damping loads due to encompassing fluid is proposed. expand on canonical diffusion theory by incorporating vortex shedding effects at large oscillation amplitudes. Comparison with experimental results underwater low frequency amplitude oscillations cantilevers reported. The approach applicable analysis ionic polymer metal composites vibrating underwater.

In this paper, we analyze the chemoelectrical behavior of ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) in small voltage range with a novel hypothesis on charge dynamics proximity electrodes. particular, homogenize microscopic properties interfacial region through so-called composite layer which extends between membrane and electrode. This accounts for dissimilar its constituents by describing distribution via two species carriers, that is, electrons mobile counterions. We model IPMC adapting...

In this paper, we analyze the effect of electrode surface roughness on ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) capacitance. We use linearized Poisson–Nernst–Planck model to describe charge and electric potential distribution in response a small voltage applied across IPMC electrodes. perturbation methods develop comprehensive understanding interplay among scale roughness, Debye screening length, nominal dimensions electrical behavior IPMCs. derive closed-form expression capacitance per unit...

In this paper, we use the lattice Boltzmann method with Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook linear collision operator to study flow physics induced by a rigid lamina undergoing moderately large harmonic oscillations in viscous fluid. We propose refill procedure for hydrodynamic quantities sites that are vicinity of oscillating lamina. The numerically estimated field is used compute complex function describes added mass and damping experienced Results numerical simulations validated against theoretical...

Abstract Engineered Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (eIPMCs) represent the next generation of IPMCs, soft electro-chemo-mechanically coupled smart materials used as actuators and sensors. Recent studies indicate that eIPMC sensors, featuring unique microstructures at interface between ionic polymer membrane electrode, exhibit enhanced electrochemical behavior sensitivity under compression, compared to traditional IPMCs. However, a complete experimentally-validated model how eIPMCs behave...

In this paper, we study the effect of electrode surface roughness on electrochemical response ionic polymer–metal composites (IPMCs) subjected to a time-varying voltage input. We use linearized Poisson–Nernst–Planck model describe dynamics electric potential and mobile counterions' concentration within polymer. derive closed form solution three-dimensional boundary value problem by employing method matched asymptotic expansions. Specifically, polymer region is decomposed into bulk region,...

In this paper, we present a comprehensive experimental study on harmonic oscillations of submerged rigid plate in quiescent, incompressible, Newtonian, viscous fluid. The fluid-structure interaction problem is analyzed from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives via detailed particle image velocimetry (PIV) campaign conducted over broad range oscillation frequency amplitude parameters. Our primary goal to identify the effect characteristics mechanisms dynamics vortex shedding...

In this paper, we study torsional vibrations of cantilever beams undergoing moderately large oscillations within a quiescent viscous fluid. The structure is modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam, with thin rectangular cross section, under base excitation. distributed hydrodynamic loading experienced by the vibrating described through complex-valued function which incorporates added mass and fluid damping elicited rotations. We conduct parametric on two dimensional computational dynamics...

Abstract In this paper, the effect of inducer tip clearance is studied to understand its impact on cavitating and noncavitating performance centrifugal pumps. Helical inducers with constant pitch variable (progressive) are considered. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations a single stage pump conducted each type determine (two-phase) (single-phase) for varying clearance. The Rayleigh–Plesset cavitation model used bubble under assumptions undergoing no thermal energy transfer between...

We study the organization of a group self-propelled particles induced by mobile external leader particle. Group interact with each other and through pairwise potentials. Simulation results in two dimensions reveal existence unique variety particle aggregation states, spanning from highly polarized tracking to coherent milling about it. Transition between states is elicited complex interplay among energy, size, interaction strength, mobility. These findings shed light on structure biological...

In this paper, the feasibility of off-the-shelf buoyant fluorescent microspheres as particle tracers in turbid water flows is investigated. Microspheres’ fluorescence intensity experimentally measured and detected placid aqueous suspensions increasing concentrations clay to simulate typical conditions occurring natural drainage networks. Experiments are conducted a broad range immersion depths by using photoconductive cells image-based sensing technologies. Results obtained with both...

Abstract In this paper, we report the development of tailored 3D-structured (engineered) polymer-metal interfaces to create enhanced ‘engineered ionic polymer metal composite’ (eIPMC) sensors towards soft, self-powered, high sensitivity strain sensor applications. We introduce a novel advanced additive manufacturing approach tailor morphology polymer-electrode via inkjet-printed microscale features. hypothesize that these features can promote inhomogeneous within material upon application...