Using continuous wave, 94-GHz millimeter-wave interferometry, a signal representing chest wall motion can be obtained that contains both the heart rate and respiration patterns of human subject. These components have to separated from each other in received signal. Our method was use quadrature in-phase signal, after removing mean each, find phase, unwrap it, convert it displacement measurement. this, power spectrum examined for peaks, which corresponded rate. The waveform also analyzed...

A compact millimeter-wave (MMW) sensor has been developed for remote monitoring of human vital signs (heart and respiration rate). The low-power homodyne transceiver operating at 94 GHz was assembled by using solid-state active passive block-type components can be battery operated. description the MMW system front end back-end acquisition hardware software is presented. Representative test case results on application various signal processing data analysis algorithms to extract faint...

Numerical and experimental results of a microwave noncontact, nondestructive detection evaluation disbonds thickness variations in stratified composite media are presented. The aperture admittance characteristics flange mounted rectangular waveguide radiating into layered, generally lossy dielectric backed or unbacked by conducting sheet is modeled. theoretical implementation based on Fourier transform boundary matching technique to construct the field components each medium, coupled with...

Solutions for fields inside a slab of generally lossy dielectric medium backed by conducting plate, placed outside waveguide-fed rectangular aperture, are used the microwave nondestructive thickness measurement such slabs. Upon construction waveguide terminating admittance expression from its variational form, an inverse problem is solved to extract form conductance and susceptance in recursive manner. A comparison between experimental theoretical results showed that significance higher...

This paper analyzes heart rate (HR) information from physiological tracings collected with a remote millimeter wave (mmW) I-Q sensor for biometric monitoring applications. A parameter optimization method based on the nonlinear Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used. The mmW works at 94 GHz and can detect vital signs of human subject few to tens meters away. reflected signal typically affected by respiration, body movement, background noise, electronic system noise. Processing radar is, thus,...

A microwave nondestructive technique for the detection and evaluation of disbonding delamination in layered-dielectric-slabs backed by a conducting plate is discussed. The theoretical development given. An incident wave illuminating such medium first considered, characteristics reflected metal are then formulated. effective reflection coefficient whose phase used delaminations media determined this way. as function several parameters, dielectric constant thickness, slab constant, thickness...

This paper presents a solution to an aiming problem in the remote sensing of vital signs using integration two systems. The is that collect meaningful data with millimeter-wave sensor, antenna must be pointed very precisely at subject's chest. Even small movements could make unreliable. To solve this problem, we attached camera antenna, and mounted combined system on pan/tilt base. Our algorithm initially finds face then tracks him/her through subsequent frames, while calculating position...

The application of open-ended coaxial sensors for dielectric measurement finite thickness composite sheets is studied. Expressions calculation the complex aperture admittance two geometries are presented. These expressions used to calculate constant infinite half-space as well slabs. A more efficient method such calculations, using a personal computer, low medium loss dielectrics demonstrated. question when layer may be considered infinitely thick also addressed, and examples different...

Radiation from an open-ended coaxial transmission line into N-layer dielectric medium is studied in application to nondestructive evaluation of materials. Explicit formulations for two cases layered media, one terminated infinite half-space and the other a conducting sheet are addressed general form. In theoretical derivations it assumed that only fundamental TEM mode propagates inside line. The terminating admittance then formulated using continuity power flow across aperture. expressions...

A method for determining the dielectric properties of infinite half-space generally lossy materials is described. This utilizes measurement admittance a rectangular waveguide radiating into such dielectrics. It shown that real part relatively insensitive to variations imaginary constant. numerical procedure initiated which provides simple and fast-converging approach calculating properties. lends itself implementation by personal computers. The theoretical formulation expression an...

The results of a study investigating the dielectric properties rubber compounds and their constituents in frequency range 5 to 24 GHz are presented. A completely filled short circuited waveguide technique was used conduct these measurements. influence carbon black content investigated for carefully prepared samples. showed that all frequencies, constant increases as function increasing content. variation values decreases increases. presence curatives uncured samples also detected, which...

Transmission of information using ultrasonic elastic waves on existing metallic pipes provides an alternative communication option across physical barriers in a highly partitioned industrial complex, such as nuclear facility. This work investigates the feasibility transmission digital images over pipes. Ultrasonic systems for nuclear-grade stainless steel pipe were assembled bench-scale demonstration. Information carriers this system are refracted shear transmitted and received with...

Metallic structures produced with laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing method (AM) frequently contain microscopic porosity defects, typical approximate size distribution from one to 100 microns. Presence of such defects could lead premature failure the structure. In principle, structural integrity assessment LPBF metals can be accomplished nondestructive evaluation (NDE). Pulsed infrared thermography (PIT) is a non-contact, one-sided NDE that allows for imaging internal in...

Thermal tomography is a computational method for heat diffusion-based imaging of solids, which provides 3D visualization data from flash thermography measurements. We investigate thermal and nondestructive evaluation stainless steel nickel super alloy metallic structures produced with the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) process. Metallic LPBF contain defects, there are limited capabilities to evaluate these non-destructively. reconstruction apparent spatial...

Ultrasonic communication methods have been used for sending data through elastic solids such as steel pipes or plates to overcome physical hurdles that hamper the conventional (wired and RF wireless). EMAT (Electro Magnetic Acoustic Transducer), an ultrasonic signal generation technique generates different modes of waveform, is particularly useful hot, cold, dry environments, which many issues faced by PZT probes. In this paper, transmitter noncontact receiver system. This system designed...

Additive manufacturing (AM) of high-strength metals, which is typically based on laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), can introduce microscopic pores in the AM metal. Pulsed Infrared Thermography (PIT) offers several advantages for nondestructive imaging subsurface defects structures because method one-sided, non-contact and scalable to arbitrary size. However, high-resolution PIT results generation a large volume thermography data (~TB), creates challenges storage transmission data. Compression...

RF signals are commonly used as a carrier signal in wireless communications. In some situations, like underwater, underground, closed containers or even intra-body, ultrasonic is better because attenuate very fast these types of channels. Therefore, it our objective to assess the capability using waves waveform for Ultrasonic type which has frequency higher than 20 kHz. this study, ZYNQ System-on-Chip (SoC) platform conduct communication experiments. This system consists transmitting...

Passive millimeter-wave systems have been used in the past to remotely map solid targets and measure low-pressure spectral lines of stratospheric interstellar gases; however, its application pressure-broadened line detection industrial emissions is new. We developed a radiative transfer model determine feasibility system requirements for passive terrestrial gases. designed built Dicke-switched multispectral radiometer 146-154-GHz band detect nitric oxide (NO), prototypical gas nuclear fuel...

Ultrasonic communication is a technique of transmitting message through solids such as steel plates or pipes. Electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) are non-contact sensors able to generate and receive ultrasonic waves. In this study, periodic-permanent-magnet (PPM) EMATs used produce shear-horizontal (SH) We present experimental results show channel characterization SH waves carrying information over the frequency range 200 kHz 800 kHz. An platform was built for assessing wave...

An ultrasonic signal is seldom used for information transmission because it attenuates, scatters, disperses and reverberates in the channel. In some environments, only option communication since radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves cannot propagate solid metallic media. This paper presents feasibility of using an RF as energy source through elastic solids. A testbed platform based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), high speed data converters, low noise amplifier, power...

This paper presents results of mm-wave spectral properties chemicals in the 225-315 GHz frequency range at ambient atmospheric pressure. The effect pressure broadening lines is determined by both experiments and theoretical simulation. Subsequent to laboratory measurements, proof principle open-path monitoring airborne was tested using a monostatic swept-frequency radar system.

Achieving a high bitrate (BR) and low bit error rate (BER) in ultrasonic communication through solids are challenging due to bit-wavelet spreading caused by the channel dispersion, attenuation, multipath effect. This undesirable effect is more pronounced particularly irregular shape channels like an elbow pipe bent or warped plates. Time-reversal (TR) signal processing promising technique which can compress of concentrate energy for improving BR. In this study, we examined performance TR...

In this paper, we have built and tested a mixerless sub-terahertz (sub-THz) Doppler radar consisting of just continuous wave (CW) source Schottky diode intensity detector based on optical interferometry technique. The reference arm features an oscillating mirror to modulate the low-frequency-band (LFB) signature high-frequency-band (HFB) centered at frequency. frequency needs oscillate that is higher than twice object avoid overlapping LFB HFB signals. Rigorous mathematical formulas been...