This work addresses the need for stateful dataflow programs that can rapidly sift through huge, evolving data sets. These data-intensive applications perform complex multi-step computations over successive generations of inflows, such as weekly web crawls, daily image/video uploads, log files, and growing social networks. While programmers may simply re-run entire when new arrives, this is grossly inefficient, increasing result latency squandering hardware resources energy. Alternatively,...

Concept Inventories (CIs) are assessments designed to measure student learning of core concepts. CIs have become well known for their major impact on pedagogical techniques in other sciences, especially physics. Presently, there no widely used, validated computer science. However, considerable groundwork has been performed the form identifying concepts, analyzing misconceptions, and developing CI assessment questions. Although much work focused CS1 a developed digital logic, some preliminary...

Operating systems courses often present students with multiple approaches to solve a problem, differing trade-offs. While are more than capable of memorizing the details these competing approaches, they struggle recommend specific approach and analyze its implications. In particular, we find that exhibit difficultly in interpreting text-based scenario descriptions way allows them correctly choose between potential solutions when presented high-level, conceptual scenario.

A Concept Inventory (CI) is a validated assessment to measure student conceptual understanding of particular topic. This work presents CI for Basic Data Structures (BDSI) and the process by which was designed validated. We discuss: 1) collection faculty opinions from diverse institutions on what belongs instrument, 2) series interviews with students identify their conceptions misconceptions content, 3) an iterative design developing draft questions, conducting ensure questions instrument are...

Log analytics are a bedrock component of running many today's Internet sites. Application and click logs form the basis for tracking analyzing customer behaviors preferences, they basic inputs to ad-targeting algorithms. Logs also critical performance security monitoring, debugging, optimizing large compute infrastructures that make up cloud, thousands machines spanning multiple data centers. With current log generation rates on order 1-10 MB/s per machine, single center can create tens TBs...

To be effective instructors and CS education researchers, we must identify understand student difficulties surrounding core computing topics. This study examines with the basic data structures commonly found in CS2 courses. Initial exploration of thinking began think-aloud interviews students. These centered on open-ended questions that were iteratively improved upon based analysis interview transcripts. The revised then posed to 249 students during an end-of-term final exam session. Using...

Establishing learning goals for a course allows instructors to design content address those goals, helps students focus their appropriately, and enables researchers assess of goals. In this work, we propose six topic prevalent in CS2 courses: Basic Data Structures. These arise from reviewing several courses at variety institutions, surveying faculty experts who commonly teach CS2, meeting working closely with these experts. We outline our process creating identify important topics underlying...

We present a model for incorporating parallel and distributed computing (PDC) throughout an undergraduate CS curriculum. Our curriculum is designed to introduce students early topics expose these repeatedly in the context of wide variety courses. The key our approach development required intermediate-level course that serves as introduction computer systems computing. It requirement every major minor prerequisite upper-level courses expand on different contexts. With addition this new...

Concept inventories (CIs) allow researchers and practitioners to measure student conceptual learning within a course or topic area. While they have enabled meaningful pedagogical change in other disciplines, there are relatively few CIs computer science. In this paper, we report on our experiences as recent developers of CI for basic data structures. We discuss each step along the route offer tips based what learned. encourage others create CIs, hope that paper will serve practical guide...

Concept Inventory (CI) assessments, which target high-level learning goals, have proven highly valuable for higher education research. These assessments helped to evaluate pedagogical practices among individual instructors, both within and across institutions, hence elevated the level of discourse on community. The success CIs in physics has inspired similar developments computer science, with a few now developed science courses. However, development CI typically follows burdensome process,...

This paper presents our experiences, motivations, and goals for developing Dive into Systems [17], a new, free, online textbook that introduces computer systems, organization, parallel computing. Our book's topic coverage is designed to give readers gentle broad introduction these important topics. It teaches the fundamentals of systems architecture, skills writing efficient programs, provides necessary background prepare students advanced study in book assumes only CS1 reader be useful...

This paper presents ParaVis, a visualization library designed to aid programmers' understanding of their parallel programs and help them identify bugs with parallelization. ParaVis is particularly targeted for programmers who are first learning programming or new language. It provides easy-to-use C C++ interfaces create 2D animations computation that understand data decomposition patterns. These visualizations also helpful in illustrating errors programs. Additionally, because students often...

This paper presents Blender, a framework that enables network operators to improve tenant performance by tailoring the network's behavior needs. Tenants may upgrade their provisioned portion of with specific features, such as multi-path routing, isolation, and failure recovery, without modifying hosted application code. Network differentiate themselves based on upgrades they offer, creating new via light-weight programming interface. Blender safely executes multiple tenants' selections...

The ubiquity of multicore processors, cloud computing, and hardware accelerators have elevated parallel distributed computing (PDC) topics into fundamental building blocks the undergraduate CS curriculum. Therefore, it is increasingly important for students to learn a common core introductory PDC develop thinking skills early in their studies. We present curricular design, pedagogy, goals an introductory-level course on com-puter systems that introduces who only CS1 background. Our focuses...

A Concept Inventory (CI) is an assessment to measure student conceptual understanding of a particular topic. This article presents the results CI for basic data structures (BDSI) that has been previously shown have strong evidence validity. The goal this work help researchers or instructors who administer BDSI in their own courses better understand results. In support goal, we discuss our findings each question using gathered from 1,963 students across seven institutions.

The viability of applying Sensorineural Acuity Level (SAL) audiometry to auditory brain stem response (ABR) testing was investigated using 38 subjects with normal hearing, conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing losses. stimuli were clicks, 4000, 2000, 1000 Hz tone-pips. After ABR thresholds (ABRt obtained, bone-conducted noise used mask the a stimulus 5 dB above threshold + 5). Estimates behavioral bone-conduction made by observing amount needed ABR, 5. air-conduction based upon ABRt....

Today's large-scale services generally exploit loosely-coupled architectures that restrict functionality requiring tight cooperation (e.g., leader election, synchronization, and reconfiguration) to a small subset of nodes. In contrast, this work presents way scalably deploy tightly-coupled distributed systems require significant coordination among large number nodes in the wide area. Our design relies on new group membership abstraction, circuit breaker, preserve efficient pairwise...

Over the last 10-15 years, our industry has developed and deployed many large-scale Internet services, from e-commerce to social networking sites, all facing common challenges in latency, reliability, scalability. time, a relatively small number of architectural patterns have emerged address these challenges, such as tiering, caching, partitioning, pre- or post-processing compute intensive tasks. Unfortunately, following requires developers deep understanding trade-offs involved well an...

Presented in this article is a visual aid approach solving unconstrained optimization problems over bounded domains with or without any standard algorithms. No explicit information about the problem needed except for values of objective function. A reasonable estimate global solution usually found quickly.