A5079999321- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Catalysts for Methane Reforming
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Catalysis and Oxidation Reactions
- Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
- Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
- Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions
- Copper-based nanomaterials and applications
- New Zealand Economic and Social Studies
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Copper Interconnects and Reliability
- Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques
- State Capitalism and Financial Governance
- Advancements in Battery Materials
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Graphene research and applications
- Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
- CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Surface and Thin Film Phenomena
Syngaschem (Netherlands)
2016-2025
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research
2016-2024
Eindhoven University of Technology
2010-2017
Lund University
2007-2009
Sorbonne Université
2008
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2008
Leiden University
1949-2007
University of Trieste
2004
University of North Carolina at Pembroke
1960
University of Canterbury
1958-1959
Water electrolysis is the most promising method for efficient production of high purity hydrogen (and oxygen), while required power input process can be provided by renewable sources (e.g. solar or wind). The thus produced used either directly as a fuel reducing agent in chemical processes, such Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. splitting realized both at low temperatures (typically below 100 °C) and (steam water 500–1000 °C), different ionic agents electrochemically transferred during (OH−, H+,...
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) experiments were performed to study the adsorption of hydrogen on Co(111) Co(100) surfaces. On surface, is coverage dependent calculated energies are very similar those Co(0001) surface. The experimental saturation Co(111)/(0001) surface θmax ≈ 0.5 ML, although DFT predicts 1.0 ML. indicate that preadsorbed will kinetically impede process as approaches θ = giving rise this difference. Adsorption...
Polyethylene production through catalytic ethylene polymerization is one of the most common processes in chemical industry. The popular Cossee-Arlman mechanism hypothesizes that be directly inserted into metal-carbon bond during chain growth, which has been awaiting microscopic and spatiotemporal experimental confirmation. Here, we report an situ visualization by scanning tunneling microscopy on a carburized iron single-crystal surface. We observed proceeds specific triangular site at...
Selective substitution: In the oxidation of HCl with oxygen to give Cl2 and water, RuO2(110) serves as a stable, active model catalyst for Sumitomo process (see picture; Ru in red blue). The stability is related selective replacement undercoordinated bridging surface O atoms (Obr) by Cl (Clbr). chlorination self-limiting, that chlorine incorporation terminates when all are replaced.
Atomic carbon on Co(0001), deposited by ethylene decomposition, forms islands with a (√3 × √3)R30° structure at low C coverage (∼0.2 ML), whereas high (0.5 ML, saturation) induces reconstruction of the cobalt surface. weakens adsorption CO and H2, but even saturated atomic layer does not block surface for adsorption. Carbon–carbon coupling, i.e., polymeric formation, was observed temperatures ≤630 K close-packed Polymeric carbon, in form small graphene islands, terraces after heating an...
Abstract Facile C-C bond formation is essential to the of long hydrocarbon chains in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Various chain growth mechanisms have been proposed previously, but spectroscopic identification surface intermediates involved scarce. We here show that high CO coverage typical synthesis affects reaction pathways C 2 H x adsorbates on a Co(0001) model catalyst and promote formation. In-situ resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows promotes transformation into ethylidyne...
High-resolution core-level shift spectroscopy and temperature-programmed reaction experiments together with density functional theory calculations reveal that the oxidation of HCl oxygen producing Cl2 water proceeds on chlorine-stabilized RuO2(110) surface via a one-dimensional Langmuir−Hinshelwood mechanism. The recombination two adjacent chlorine atoms catalyst's constitutes rate-determining step in this novel Deacon-like process.
Recently there has been a renewed interest in Co-catalyzed Fischer−Tropsch synthesis (FTS) from natural gas, coal, and biomass, because it offers realistic alternative to crude oil as source of transportation fuels. Efforts understand the FT mechanism on atomic level have mainly focused theoretical methods, whereas experimental surface science results only had little impact understanding mechanism. An essential step any is scission C−O bond. On flat Co(0001) direct dissociation CO molecule...
Flat model and powder Cu, ZnO/Cu, CeOx/Cu catalysts were studied by focusing on the role of oxide phase as a promoter in water gas shift (WGS) its reverse reaction (RWGS). Activity measurements showed that both oxides enhance Cu reactivity, with being more active than ZnO/Cu WGS reaction. In situ ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, exploiting localized surface plasmon resonances metallic nanoparticles, together X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was then used to elucidate origin enhanced...
Oxygen adsorption and removal on flat defective Co(0001) surfaces have been investigated experimentally using scanning tunneling microscopy, temperature-programmed isothermal reduction, synchrotron X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, work function measurements under ultrahigh vacuum conditions H2/CO pressures in the 10–5 mbar regime. Exposure of to O2(g) at 250 K leads formation p(2 × 2) islands with a local coverage 0.25 ML. continues beyond ML, reaching saturation point ∼0.39 ML Oad, without...
Although Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) was discovered more than 90 years ago, it remains a fascinating topic, having relevance from both an industrial and academic perspective. FTS based on cobalt iron catalysts studied in depth during extensive 15-year collaboration between Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands, Sasol, South Africa. primary objective the to obtain fundamental information that could assist understanding practical issues over catalysts. For iron-based...
We prepared a Au/CeO2 (111) model catalyst by depositing thin cerium oxide film on Ru(0001) surface and subsequently gold. This system was investigated using high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. Gold forms metallic nanoparticles CeO2 with an average particle size that depends the Au dose. At 80 K adsorption of CO observed supported particles, which induces chemical shift +0.9 eV in 4f level atoms directly involved Au−CO bond. also additional, particle-size-dependent shift, affects all...
The adsorption of CO on nanosized gold particles deposited a cerium oxide substrate is strongly influenced by the roughness and concentration oxygen vacancies CeOx surface. Literature showed that Au nucleates at step edges oxidized samples. For samples we found dispersion dependent surface roughness. A rough CeO2 has higher density, which results in particle density with smaller average diameter. Other studies reduced substrates. We small adsorbed exhibit significantly 4f binding energy than...
Redispersion of cobalt is a key process during Fischer–Tropsch catalyst regeneration. Using model catalysts we show that redispersion two step process. Oxidation supported metallic nanoparticles produces hollow oxide particles by the Kirkendall effect; reduction leads to break-up these shells, forming multiple particles. This mechanism large extent independent support.
This study investigates the distinctly different dynamics of atomic carbon and oxygen diffusion, both on surface into bulk iron multilayer films with face-centered cubic (FCC) (100) body-centered (BCC) (110) structures, how these processes impact recombination behavior oxygen, particularly at elevated temperatures. On FCC-iron (γ-iron), CO dissociation occurs around 300 K, leading to formation segregated carbide oxide islands upon annealing. Above onset temperature 600 mobile atoms diffuse...