A5042080987- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Education Methods and Practices
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Facial Trauma and Fracture Management
- Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Health and Well-being Studies
- Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Stalking, Cyberstalking, and Harassment
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Restraint-Related Deaths
University of California, San Francisco
2023-2024
University of Michigan
2018-2023
University of Guelph
2023
University of Maryland, College Park
2022
Southern General Hospital
1990
We describe an ecological approach to understanding the developing brain, with a focus on effects of poverty-related adversity brain function. articulate how combining multilevel models from developmental science and psychopathology human neuroscience can inform our risk resilience. To illustrate this approach, we associations between poverty function, roles parents neighborhoods play in context, potential impact timing. also major challenges needed advances these areas research better...
Socioeconomic disadvantage during childhood is associated with a myriad of negative adult outcomes. One mechanism through which undermines positive outcomes may be by disrupting the development self-control. The goal present study was to examine pathways from three key indicators socioeconomic - low family income, maternal education, and neighborhood poverty neural behavioral measures response inhibition. We utilized data representative cohort 215 twins (ages 7-18 years, 70% male)...
Abstract Although a growing literature has linked extreme psychosocial adversity in early development to brain structure and function, recent studies highlight that differences socioeconomic resources may also affect development. In this article, we describe research linking variation neighborhood context parenting practices, two contexts shaped by resources, neural function structure, particularly the corticolimbic circuit supports socioemotional processing. Key considerations include...
Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are associated with chronic and escalating trajectories of antisocial behavior. Extant etiologic studies suggest that heritability estimates for CU vary substantially, while also pointing to an environmental association between parenting traits.We used twin modeling estimate additive genetic (A), shared (C), nonshared (E) influences on traits, measured the Inventory Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) its subscales. Our sample included 600 pairs (age 6-11, 230...
Objective: The relative contribution of individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) components to treatment outcomes for child anxiety disorders (CADs) is unclear. Recent meta-analyses suggest that exposure may be the primary active ingredient in CBT CADs, and relaxation relatively less effective. This brief report tests hypothesis exposure-focused (EF-CBT) would outperform a relaxation-based control (Relaxation Mentorship Training; RMT) CADs.Method: Participants were 102 youth with CADs...
Antisocial behavior (aggression, rule breaking) is associated with lower intelligence and executive function deficits. Research has not clarified whether these associations differ the presence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits, particularly within levels antisocial observed in community.We examined CU traits were differentially metrics 474 adolescent twins (Mean age = 14.18; SD 2.20) sampled from birth records to represent youth community living neighborhoods above average poverty....
Abstract Deficits in executive functioning both run families and serve as a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology. The present study employed twin modeling to examine parenting an environmental pathway underlying the intergenerational transmission of at-risk community sample children adolescents ( N = 354 pairs, 167 monozygotic). Using structural equation multi-informant reports multi-method measure child functioning, we found that better parent related less harsh, warmer...
Our goal was to illuminate associations between specific characteristics of under-resourced neighborhoods (i.e., socioeconomic deprivation, danger) and aspects parenting (e.g., parental praise, nurturance, harsh parenting, control).Prior work has highlighted level neighborhood disadvantage the its residents. However, this yet clarify or types involved.Exhaustive modelling analyses were conducted in a sample 1,030 families twins (average age 8 years; 51% male, 49% female; racial composition...
The approximate number system (ANS) is widely considered to be a foundation for the acquisition of uniquely human symbolic numerical capabilities. However, mechanism by which ANS may support representations and mathematical thought remains poorly understood. In present study, we investigated two pathways influence early math abilities: variability in acuity representations, children's' ability manipulate representations. We assessed relation between 4-year-old children's performance on...
Abstract Intimate partner violence (IPV) is often considered an adult problem despite profound consequences for the children who are exposed toviolent relational patterns. About a third of and adolescents report past exposure to parental IPV, majority were first as infants. Exposure IPV during pregnancy through 5 years child's life has ranging from adverse birth outcomes diagnosable emotional problems lasting physiological dysregulation. This article reviews risks in early childhood...