Analysis of observational estimates indicates that the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) forced pattern in extratropical Southern Hemisphere (SH), somewhat surprisingly, leads peak phase ENSO by one season. A Rossby wave source (RWS) analysis tropical and RWS SH develops before season abruptly weakens thereafter. Further shows anomalous divergence/convergence corresponding irrotational wind anomalies are sensitive to local seasonality. Numerical experiments which Pacific is prescribed with...

The MJO modulation of sea surface chlorophyll-a (Chl) examined initially by Waliser et al. in Geophys Res Lett, (2005) is revisited with a significantly longer time-series observations and more systematic approach to characterizing the possible mechanisms underlying MJO-Chl relationships. composite analysis Chl lead-lag correlations between other physical variables reveal regional variability corresponding indicative temporal relationships among variables. Along path convection, wind speed—a...

Abstract We propose a new type of cloud classification, relevant to monthly or longer time scales, but which inherently still encompasses subgrid variability information at ~100 km scales. Our proposed classification partitions frequencies occurrence over these scales previously defined regimes (CRs). call the resulting distinct entities (RORs). While CRs have been shown successfully classify daily mesoscale via distributions fraction within combinations top pressure and optical thickness,...

The latitudinal distribution of winter extratropical precipitation is often regarded as being determined by the location and intensity storm track. Here, we compare variability associated with meridional eddy momentum flux (EMF) that an Eulerian track measure. Observations show when midlatitude EMF anomalously poleward, occurrence moderate-to-heavy (1–33 mm day-1) increases between 45°N 70°N, while decreasing 25°N 45°N. This shift occurs mostly...

A self-organizing map (SOM) is a type of competitive artificial neural network, which projects the high-dimensional input space training samples into low-dimensional with topology relations preserved. This makes SOMs supportive organizing and visualizing complex data sets have been pervasively used among numerous disciplines different applications. Notwithstanding its wide applications, perplexed by inherent randomness, produces dissimilar SOM patterns even when being trained on identical...

The relationship between tropical remote forcing and seasonality in the extratropics is examined with a set of numerical experiments that use prescribed sea surface temperature (SST) Pacific simple thermodynamic slab mixed‐layer model outside region coupled to an atmospheric general circulation model. idealized El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) evolution where peak phase (with respect annual cycle) can be arbitrarily shifted. In this case, we shift ENSO by 6 months. An composite analysis...

Previous studies that analyzed ocean color satellite data have suggested the primary mechanism of surface chlorophyll (Chl) response to MJO is wind‐induced turbulent mixing and corresponding mixed layer entrainment. In this study, notion examined with an biophysical model in ensemble framework, focusing on upper processes (z < 200 m). As a whole, model's mean Chl state lower than observations except tropical Pacific basin, but its seasonal variation acceptable, particularly Indian Ocean....

Abstract In order to better understand cloud-precipitation relationships, we extend the concept of cloud regimes (CRs) developed from two-dimensional joint histograms optical thickness and top pressure Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), include precipitation information. Taking advantage high-resolution Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) dataset, derive “hybrid” by implementing a k -means clustering algorithm with advanced initialization objective...

Abstract Rectification of surface chlorophyll (Chl) concentration by the atmospheric intraseasonal variability is detected in a numerical biophysical ocean model when it forced composite Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) events. In addition to shoaled mixed layer depth (MLD) previously reported, found that increased mean Chl MJO forcing mostly co‐occurs with isothermal (ITD) / nutrient isopleths and reduced barrier thickness (BLT). Case studies reveal increases MLD ITD variations, which...

Abstract. The co-variability of cloud and precipitation in the extended tropics (35∘ N–35∘ S) is investigated using contemporaneous data sets for a 13-year period. goal to quantify potential relationships between type fractions events particular strength. Particular attention paid whether exhibit different characteristics over tropical land ocean. A primary analysis metric correlation coefficient individual types frequencies within histogram bins that have been matched time space. are...

Abstract We employ the cloud regime concept to identify large‐scale tropical convective systems and investigate their characteristics in terms of organization precipitation. The regimes (TCRs) are derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer optical thickness top pressure two‐dimensional joint histograms. focus on TCRs that have relatively low pressures high thicknesses, as well heavy precipitation, namely, TCR1 (convective core‐dominant), TCR2 (various clouds), TCR3 (anvils)....

Abstract Organization metrics were originally developed to measure how densely convective clouds are arranged at mesoscales. In this work, we apply organization describe tropical synoptic scale activity. Such activity is identified by cloud‐precipitation (hybrid) regimes defined 1‐degree and 1‐hourly resolution. Existing found perform inadequately for such regime aggregates because the large domain size co‐existence of sparse aggregate occurrences with noisy isolated convection often violate...

The underlying mechanism that couples the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) has remained elusive, challenging our understanding of both phenomena. A popular hypothesis about QBO-MJO connection is vertical extent MJO convection strongly modulated by QBO. However, this not been verified observationally. Here we show cloud-top pressure brightness temperature deep anvil clouds are systematically lower in easterly QBO (EQBO) winters than westerly (WQBO) winters,...

A self-organizing map (SOM) is a type of competitive artificial neural network, which projects the high-dimensional input space training samples into low-dimensional with topology relations preserved. This makes SOMs supportive organizing and visualizing complex data sets have been pervasively used among numerous disciplines different applications. Notwithstanding its wide applications, perplexed by inherent randomness, produces dissimilar SOM patterns even when being trained on identical...

Earth and Space Science Open Archive This preprint has been submitted to is under consideration at Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres. ESSOAr a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]A New Organization Metric Synoptic Scale Tropical Convective AggregationAuthorsDaehoJiniDLazarosOreopoulosDongminLeeJacksonTaniDKyu-MyongKimSee all authors...