Sexual differences in size and shape are common across the animal kingdom. The study of sexual dimorphism (SD) can provide insight into sexual- natural-selection pressures experienced by males females different species. Arachnids diverse, comprising over 100,000 species, exhibit some more extreme forms SD kingdom, with species differing dramatically body and/or size. Despite this, research on arachnid has primarily focused specific clades as opposed to observing traits orders, smallest which...

Abstract The ST2 gene is a member of the interleukin‐1 receptor family and located on chromosome 2q12, an area genome that has been associated with asthma. soluble product gene, serum (sST2), previously shown to be elevated in adult asthmatic patients. This study investigated potential role children acute Children aged 2–16 years ( n = 186) were recruited presentation asthma emergency department. Blood was obtained during convalescence. Variables assessed included sST2 levels, comprehensive...

Abstract Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and marker recognition algorithms can offer an efficient non-intrusive means of tracking animal positions. As such, they have become important tools for invertebrate behavioral research. Both approaches require fixing a tag or to the study organism, so it is useful quantify effects such procedures on behavior before proceeding with further However, frequently studies do not report doing tests. Here, we demonstrate time-efficient...

The link between form and function is key to understanding the evolution of unique and/or extreme morphologies. Amblypygids, or whip spiders, are arachnids that often have highly elongated spined pedipalps. These limbs used strike at, secure, prey before processing by chelicerae. Amblypygi pedipalps multifunctional, however, being in courtship contest, vary greatly species. Increased pedipalp length may improve performance during capture, but could also be influenced factors including...

Abstract Rationale The preterm diaphragm is structurally and functionally immature, potentially contributing to an increased risk of respiratory distress failure. We investigated developmental changes in contractile function susceptibility fatigue the costal fetal lamb understand factors developing dysfunction disorders. hypothesized that functional capacity will vary with maturational stage as its fatigue. Methods Lambs were studied at 75, 100, 125, 145, 154, 168, 200 days postconceptional...

Abstract Sexual dimorphism in the form of elaborate crests, horns and swellings can be a clear indicator differing evolutionary pressures to which males females are subject. However, also expressed more subtle shape differences not outwardly obvious observer. Whip spiders (Amblypygi) possess unique pair spined pedipalps hypothesized primarily function prey capture, but serving multiple other functions. Little is known regarding intraspecific variation these limbs its potential causes....

Decoupled architectures provide a key to the problem of sustained supercomputer performance through their ability hide large memory latencies. When program executes in decoupled mode perceived latency at processor is zero; effectively entire physical has an access time equivalent processor's register file, and completely hidden. However, asynchronous functional units within architecture must occasionally synchronize, incurring high penalty. The goal compiling optimizing for partition between...

Antibiotic therapy has drastically reduced the mortality and sequelae of bacterial infections. From naturally occurring to chemically synthesized, different classes antibiotics have been successfully used without detailed knowledge how they affect dynamics in vivo. However, a proportion patients receiving antimicrobial develop recrudescent infections post-treatment. Relapsing are attributable incomplete clearance populations following antibiotic administration; metabolic profile this...

Amblypygi is an arachnid order possessing a unique pair of spined pedipalps: appendages that perform in prey capture, courtship, and contest. Pedipalp length, hypothesized to be under sexual selection, varies markedly across amblypygid species, pedipalp spination, thought reflect selection for function also differs interspecifically. Differences shape between species may indicate the relative strength capture vary group. However, interspecific differences have not been quantified, due...

Abstract RFID technology and marker recognition algorithms can offer an efficient non-intrusive means of tracking animal positions. As such, they have become important tools for invertebrate behavioural research. Both approaches require fixing a tag or to the study organism, so it is useful quantify effects such procedures on behaviour before proceeding with further However, frequently studies do not report doing tests. Here, we demonstrate time-efficient accessible method quantifying impact...

ECR Spotlight is a series of interviews with early-career authors from selection papers published in Journal Experimental Biology and aims to promote not only the diversity researchers (ECRs) working experimental biology but also huge variety animals physiological systems that are essential for ‘comparative’ approach. Callum McLean an author on ‘ The kinematics amblypygid (Arachnida) pedipalps during predation: extreme elongation raptorial appendages does result proportionate increase reach...

Amblypygids are an arachnid order possessing a unique pair of spined pedipalps: appendages that perform in prey capture, courtship and contest. Pedipalp length, hypothesised to be under sexual selection, varies markedly across amblypygid species, pedipalp spination, thought reflect selection for function also differs interspecifically. Differences shape between species may indicate the relative strength capture vary group. However, interspecific differences have not been quantified, due...