Transcoding is a key technique for reducing the bit rate of previously compressed video signal. A high transcoding ratio may result in an unacceptable picture quality when full frame incoming bitstream used. Frame skipping often used as efficient scheme to allocate more bits representative frames, so that acceptable each can be maintained. However, skipped must decompressed completely, which might act reference nonskipped frames reconstruction. The newly quantized discrete cosine transform...

Affective product design aims at incorporating customers' affective needs into variables of a new so as to optimise satisfaction. Faced with fierce competition in marketplaces, companies try determine the settings order maximise satisfaction products. To achieve this, set customer survey data is required develop model which relates responses product. Customer are usually fuzzy since human feeling fuzzy, and relationship between nonlinear. However, previous research on modelling response has...

Silicon Carbide (SiC) is a promising cladding material for accident-tolerant fuel in light water reactors due to its excellent resistance chemical attacks at high temperatures, which can prevent severe accident-induced environmental disasters. Although it has been known decades that radiation-induced swelling low temperatures driven by the formation of black spot defects with sizes smaller than 2 nm irradiated SiC, structure these defect clusters and mechanism lattice expansion have not...

In this paper, we propose a simple architecture to form low-complexity and high quality video transcoder speed up the motion re-estimation for H.263 H.264 transcoding. Using approximation of prediction error from incoming bitstream, proposed is able detect whether performance vector can be improved during process. By considering diversity new set estimated vectors, control decomposition dynamically, which achieve low computational complexity. Besides, multiple reference frames estimation...

For a conventional downscaling video transcoder, server has firstly to decompress the video, perform operations in pixel domain, and then recompress it. This is computationally intensive. However, it difficult discrete cosine transform (DCT)- domain since prediction errors of each frame are computed from its immediate past higher resolution frames. Recently, fast algorithm for DCT image downsampling been proposed obtain downsampled version coefficients with low computational complexity....

Affective design is an important aspect of product development to achieve a competitive edge in the marketplace. A neural‐fuzzy network approach has been attempted recently model customer satisfaction for affective and it proved be effective one deal with fuzziness non‐linearity modeling as well generate explicit models. However, such two limitations. First, not suitable problems which involve large number inputs. Second, cannot adapt new data sets, given that its structure fixed once...

Although the connection between symmetry and entropy is not clear, researchers calculate configurational with an ideal gas mixing model all along regardless of which structure they are considering. However, it obvious that crystalline structures have symmetry, while does not. Therefore, same value should be assigned to other structures, such as face-centered-cubic (fcc) hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) structures. Here, we offer a precise definition for determining crystals. We difference in fcc...

Transcoding is a process of converting previously compressed video bitstream into lower bit-rate bitstream. When some incoming frames are dropped for the frame-rate conversion in transcoding, newly quantized DCT coefficients prediction error need to be re-computed. In this paper, we propose new architecture low-complexity reduction. The proposed algorithm mainly performed discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain achieve low complexity as well reduce re-encoding error. Experimental results show...

Transcoding is a process of converting previously compressed video bitstream into lower bit-rate bitstream. When some incoming frames are dropped for the frame-rate conversion in transcoding, newly quantized DCT coefficients prediction error need to be re-computed, which can create an undesirable complexity as well introduce re-encoding error. We propose new architecture frame-skipping transcoder improve picture quality and reduce complexity. It observed that reduced significantly when...

Single point diamond tools are commonly used for ultraprecision machining. At high cutting speeds, frictional contact and local heat may cause material damage to the tool. The crystal is softened its mechanical strength decreases with increase in temperature. Plastic deformation of diamonds was recently reported some experimental studies. In this work, a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation implemented predict single at various temperatures. Diamond brittle room temperature, however, it starts...

Only a limited number of methods have been proposed to realize heterogeneous transcoding, for example from MPEG-2 H.263, or H.264 H.263. The major difficulties transcoding B-picture P-picture are that the incoming discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients B-frame prediction errors arising both forward and backward predictions, whilst in DCT domain using previous frame alone not available. required new need be re-estimated pixel domain. This process involves highly complex computation...

In video downscaling, simply reusing the motion vectors extracted from an incoming bitstream may not result in good quality pictures. this paper, we propose adaptive vector re-composition algorithm using two new measures: diversity and importance measures of vectors. Using measure, our proposed scheme manages to differentiate most representative as a consideration recompose vector. addition, measure provides information for transcoder controlling size refinement window achieve significant...

Abstract An artificial neural network (ANN) model and rule extraction from a trained ANN using genetic algorithm (GA) are applied to predict advise on the rules for optimal product form design particular customer feeling. To map elements affected impressions, principal component analysis (PCA) is employed determine essential dimensions data analysis. By examine relationships between perceptual value elements, black-box knowledge can be extracted by applying GA generate rules. A case study of...

A fast bit allocation algorithm for the MPEG audio encoder is proposed. The proposed employs information of previous frame as a reference allocating restricted bits to each 32 subbands in current such that number iterations can be significantly reduced. process reallocation also suggested ensure generation an identical bitstream produced by standard described standard. result shows speed-up remarkable at different encoded bitrates.

The forthcoming multimedia telecommunication services are expected to use pre-encoded videos for storage and transmission. heterogeneities of the present communication networks clients' devices demand matching encoding format video source constraints devices. In order provide quality support heterogeneous clients or transmission channels, server should have capability performing transcoding, which is regarded as a process converting previously compressed bitstream into another with different...

Due to high computational complexity and quality degradation introduced by conventional frame-skipping transcoders, a DCT-based video transcoder was proposed. However, the transcoding process of motion compensated macroblocks in DCT domain becomes bottleneck since IDCT processes are required. In this paper, we propose new architecture reduce process. The transcodes dominant region an MC macroblock making use coefficients from incoming bistream some pre-computed shifting operators. By using...

The main features of our proposed wavelet-based video coder include: (1) a user-specified region interest selection as to which the can be changed by user at any I-frame; (2) dynamic tracking technique is tracked and updated according motion activity (3) an adaptive bit allocation that allows specify relative quality between foreground background. This architecture guarantees high in while reducing overall rate computation time. Experimental results confirm approach produces good even under...

This paper proposes a new architecture of video combiner for multipoint conferencing. The proposed first identifies the active and talking conference participants from multiple incoming bitstreams by computing their corresponding motion activities level audio signals. By reducing frame rates inactive sub-sequences, more bits are reallocated to sub-sequences such that higher obtained produce better visual perception as well smoother motion. We also propose low-complexity high-performance...

For transcoding a video sequence from the H.263 format to H.264 format, it is beneficial reuse as much information possible in original sequence. However, given significant differences between and algorithms, more complex. Motivated by this, set of operators derived for converting DCT coefficients integer transform (IT) compressed domain. Using these operators, proposed architecture able transcode directly. In other words, no complete decoding reencoding processes are required. To further...

A new architecture of video combiner for multipoint conferencing is proposed. The proposed wavelet-based which extracts the motion activities information from bitstreams produced by a coder. Using progressive properties wavelet transform, encoded bitstream become scalable. Hence, quality inactive sub-sequences can be easily adjusted in discarding fine detail bitstreams. In other words, more bits reallocated to active achieve good visual with smooth motion. addition, coder region-based so...

For the conventional downscaling video transcoder, server would be to first decompress video, perform operation in pixel domain, and then recompress it. This is computational intensive. However, it difficult DCT-domain since prediction errors of each frame are computed from its immediate past higher resolution frames. Besides, motion vector need resample due size changed. Due mismatch resampled with incoming DCT coefficients, transcoder recalculate new coefficient lower domain; this can...