Abstract Rainfall is the main driving factor for soil-active herbicides, influencing their incorporation, leaching and absorption. Studies were conducted to determine effects of simulated rainfall hexazinone application rates on Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis control, impacts timing in field. Greenhouse experiments established Florida between 2017 2018, comprising 0.56 1.12 kg ai ha -1 , seven accumulation volumes (0, 6, 12, 25, 50, 100 200 mm), distributed a completely randomized...

Abstract Flumioxazin adsorption kinetics were described using a Greenville sandy clay loam soil. Adsorption experiments showed that 72% of total herbicide was absorbed after 1 h continuous shaking and continued to increase 78% 72 h. then tested on seven agriculturally important soils throughout the southern USA. isotherms for all had K f (Freundlich distribution coefficient) values ranged from 8.8 0.4, with many near 1.5. Soil organic matter content parameter most highly correlated...

Cadillo is an invasive species commonly found in pastures, rangelands, and disturbed areas. It becoming a significant problem weed Florida pastures natural The objectives of this research were to determine effective techniques break seed dormancy the effect light, temperature, pH, water stress, depth burial on germination. seeds had levels innate imposed by hard coat; chemical scarification was most technique for removing dormancy. Seeds germinated from 15 40 C, with optimal temperature 28...

Research was conducted to determine picloram and aminopyralid sorption in five soils three clay minerals if the potential for off-target movement of soil is less than that picloram. Nearly all occurred between 0 8 h, maximum theoretical were 10.3 15.2%, respectively. Freundlich distribution coefficients ( K f ) ranged from 0.12 a Cecil sandy loam 0.81 an Arredondo fine sand, while values 0.35 0.96 sand. Furthermore, higher those tested. 0.25 (kaolinite), 1.17 (bentonite), 1,016.4...

Effective and sustainable restoration of habitats invaded by non‐native plant species requires both invader removal recovery native species. However, efficacy methods responses commonly depend on site conditions, spatial scale, time, indicating approaches must consider environmental context. To better understand how selectivity control conditions determine resident community responses, we conducted an experiment with a widespread in the southeast United States (cogongrass, Imperata...

Flumioxazin is an herbicide registered for use in soybean and peanut. However, few published papers concerning the soil persistence of flumioxazin are available. Therefore, laboratory studies were initiated to determine half-life (t(1/2)) Greenville sandy clay loam Tifton loamy sand soils when incubated at 15 25 degrees C. Results indicated that temperature had little effect on persistence. The t(1/2) was 17.9 16.0 days while 13.6 12.9 days, C, respectively. These data correspond greater...

Sicklepod and pitted morningglory are two of the most important weed species in row-crop production southeastern United States. The upcoming introduction soybean cotton varieties resistant to 2,4-D dicamba will increase reliance on these auxinic herbicides. However, it is not clear how herbicides affect sicklepod control. Field experiments were conducted 2013 2014 Jay, FL determine whether (560 1,120 g ae ha −1 ), (420 840 glyphosate (1,060 ) alone or combination applied when shoots 11...

Dogfennel is one of the most problematic weeds in Florida pasturelands and its control can become inconsistent as plant matures. A premix triclopyr + fluroxypyr has been recently introduced for weed pastures rangeland; however, little published information exists concerning dogfennel with this herbicide combination. Therefore, experiments were initiated to determine efficacy compared commonly used pasture herbicides on at three heights. All utilized study are control. was affected by both...

Smutgrass is an invasive warm-season perennial bunch-type grass native to tropical Asia. The two varieties of smutgrass prevalent in Florida are small and giant smutgrass. Laboratory seed germination experiments were conducted on both determine the effect various environmental factors emergence. average rate for was 88% at 30/20 C day/night temperatures. Seed greater under simulated temperature flux than constant germinated four fluxes (22/11, 27/15, 33/24, 29/19 day/night), although reduced...

Blackberry is a troublesome species across much of the southeastern United States. Control blackberry with pyridine herbicides often variable among different locations. Experiments were conducted to determine whether application timing, either spring or fall, affected efficacy triclopyr, fluroxypyr and picloram, metsulfuron. The provided greater control when applied in fall. At 12 mo after treatment, plus picloram triclopyr 83% fall 65% spring. Conversely, metsulfuron 85% control, timing was...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum Flueggé) is a poor host of several soilborne pests vegetable crops; therefore crops are commonly grown in rotation with bahiagrass pastures Florida. The herbicide aminopyralid provides foliar and soil residual weed control increases forage production pastures; however, the activity makes carryover injury likely subsequent sensitive crops. Field research was conducted to determine sensitivity five residues aminopyralid. RESULTS: At an...

Largeleaf lantana is a perennial shrub that commonly infests pastures, roadsides, and natural areas. Many experiments have been conducted to manage this weed, but few successful herbicides found. Little information available for the effectiveness of fluroxypyr, aminopyralid, or aminocyclopyrachlor on largeleaf lantana. Experiments were in central Florida dense, infestations Aminopyralid (0.12 kg ha −1 ), fluroxypyr (0.56 (0.2 ) either applied fall (approximately 2 mo before frost) followed...

Abstract Dissipation of S -metolachlor, a soil-applied herbicide, on organic and mineral soils used for sugarcane production in Florida was evaluated using field studies 2013 to 2016. -metolachlor applied PRE at 2,270 g ha −1 with 75% 1.6% matter, respectively. The rate dissipation rapid compared soils. followed negative linear trend resulting half-lives (DT 50 ) ranging from 126 d. loss more under high soil-moisture conditions than corresponding low conditions. On soils, an exponential...

Saflufenacil is a new protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibiting herbicide registered for use before establishment of field corn and soybean. Generally, peanut plants are tolerant to other herbicides in this class, no reports document the utility saflufenacil in-season weed control. Experiments were conducted determine whether applied at 12, 25, 50 g ha −1 could effectively control Benghal dayflower Palmer amaranth. It was observed that saflufenacil, either PRE or POST, ineffective dayflower. The...

Smutgrass is an invasive, well-rooted perennial that has long been recognized as aggressive weed throughout Florida and in the subtropical regions of United States. Small smutgrass giant are two predominant varieties found Florida. The native soil pH flatwoods 4.5 to 5.0 which lower than level recommended for optimum bahiagrass growth. Therefore, replacement series experiments were conducted a greenhouse 2010 2011 compare competitive ability with each at three levels (4.5, 5.5, 6.5),...

While natural areas are conservation lands that have been set aside for the purpose of preserving (or restoring) native plant and animal communities, they do require active management. One greatest management issues in is invasive plants. This 35-page publication provides land managers Florida with current methods used to manage non-native Written by Stephen F. Enloe, Ken Langeland, Jason Ferrell, Brent Sellers, Greg MacDonald, published UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised July 2018....

Triclopyr is a synthetic auxin herbicide currently available as triethylamine salt, butoxyethyl ester, pyridinyloxyacetic acid, or choline salt. The formulation of has the potential to impact its activity; therefore, objective this study was determine relative activity these four triclopyr formulations. Greenhouse dose–response studies were conducted twice at University Florida in 2015. formulations foliar applied rates ranging from 17 1,121 g ae ha −1 2- 3-leaf soybean, sunflower, tomato,...

Smutgrass is a clump-type grassy weed that commonly found in grazed pastures throughout the Southeast. Currently, only herbicide registered for control of smutgrass hexazinone and it unknown if negatively impacts bermudagrass forage growth quality. Experiments were conducted to determine impact rate on yield crude protein. All rates reduced at 4 wk after treatment (WAT). From 6 12 WAT, no reduction was observed except 2 kg/ha treatment. The reducing effects transitory 0.5 1.0 rates;...

Giant reed is currently being evaluated as a potential biomass energy crop in Florida, even though some scientists and those other states consider it to be noxious or invasive weed. This revised 4-page fact sheet discusses the adaptation production of giant presents measures for controlling an escaped It does not give specific recommendations on whether better control produce biofuel. Written by Dennis Odero, Robert Gilbert, Jason Ferrell, Zane Helsel, published UF Department Agronomy, November 2011.

Southern crabgrass is a common turfgrass weed throughout the United States, and in Florida troublesome problem St. Augustinegrass lawns. Because of herbicide label changes lack tolerance, no POST herbicides are currently registered for homeowner use control residential commercial Alternative methods, including cultural practices unconventional herbicides, have been investigated to limited extent postemergence control. In this study, alternative evaluated included 30% acetic acid, borax,...

Core Ideas Dogfennel ground cover negatively impacted bahiagrass herbage responses. Bahiagrass provided satisfactory mass in areas with low dogfennel May and June. Limited N fertilization did not change the dynamics of stands competing varying percentages cover. Further research should be conducted additional cultivars, soil types, fertilizer rates. Nitrogen is an important management practice ( Paspalum notatum Fluegg) pastures; however, use has been limited forage‐based livestock systems...

Bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum Flüggé) is the most widely used introduced forage in Florida, due to its persistence and productivity on low fertility soils. Hexazinone [3‐cyclohexyl‐6‐(dimethylamino)‐1‐methyl‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4(1 H ,3 )‐dione], only herbicide labeled for small giant smutgrass [ Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. S. var. pyramidalis (P. Beauv.) Veldkamp] control pastures, may impact bahiagrass biomass production crude protein (CP) content. Field experiments were conducted at two...

Cogongrass is found on every continent and considered a weedy pest in 73 countries. In the U.S., cogongrass primarily Southeast. It was accidentally introduced into Alabama early 1900s, purposely as potential forage soil stabilizer Florida (and other states) 1930s 1940s. However, soon after investigations began it realized that could be pest. Since its introduction, has spread to nearly county Florida. some cases, completely taken over pastures so only species present. This common thread...