Abstract genalex is a user‐friendly cross‐platform package that runs within Microsoft Excel, enabling population genetic analyses of codominant, haploid and binary data. Allele frequency‐based include heterozygosity, F statistics, Nei's distance, assignment, probabilities identity pairwise relatedness. Distance‐based calculations amova , principal coordinates analysis (PCA), Mantel tests, multivariate 2D spatial autocorrelation twogener . More than 20 different graphs summarize data aid...

Abstract We present here a framework for the study of molecular variation within single species. Information on DNA haplotype divergence is incorporated into an analysis variance format, derived from matrix squared-distances among all pairs haplotypes. This (AMOVA) produces estimates components and F-statistic analogs, designated as phi-statistics, reflecting correlation haplotypic diversity at different levels hierarchical subdivision. The method flexible enough to accommodate several...

GenAlEx: Genetic Analysis in Excel is a cross-platform package for population genetic analyses that runs within Microsoft Excel. GenAlEx offers analysis of diploid codominant, haploid and binary loci DNA sequences. Both frequency-based (F-statistics, heterozygosity, HWE, assignment, relatedness) distance-based (AMOVA, PCoA, Mantel tests, multivariate spatial autocorrelation) are provided. New features include calculation new estimators structure: G'(ST), G''(ST), Jost's D(est) F'(ST) through...

Journal Article Multiple Regression and Correlation Extensions of the Mantel Test Matrix Correspondence Get access Peter E. Smouse, Smouse 1Department Human Genetics Department Biology, University MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jeffrey C. Long, Long 2Department Anthropology, CUNY-Hunter CollegeNew York, New York 10021 Robert R. Sokal 3Department Ecology Evolution, State YorkStony Brook, 11794 Systematic Volume...

Abstract We formalize the use of allele frequency and geographic information for construction gene trees at intraspecific level extend concept evolutionary parsimony to molecular variance parsimony. The central principle is consider a particular tree as variable be optimized in estimation given population statistic. propose three statistics that are related components explicit functions phylogenetic information. methodology applied context minimum spanning (MSTs) human mitochondrial DNA...

Abstract Buffalograss, Buchloë dactyloides , is widely distributed throughout the Great Plains of North America, where it an important species for rangeland forage and soil conservation. The consists two widespread polyploid races, with narrowly endemic diploid populations known from regions: central Mexico Gulf Coast Texas. We describe compare patterns allozyme RAPD variation in using a set 48 individuals Texas (four population samples 12 each). Twelve 22 loci were polymorphic, exhibiting...

Summary The Carroll rating scale (CRS) was developed as a self instrument for depression, closely matching the information content and specific items of Hamilton (HRS). CRS found to have acceptable face validity reliability. concurrent acceptable, based on comparisons with HRS Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). internal consistency very similar that HRS. contained about scores beyond what could be predicted from BDI scores, but did not predict scores. were strongly correlated both had access...

Abstract The fragmented populations and reduced population densities that result from human disturbance are issues of growing importance in evolutionary conservation biology. A key issue is whether remnant individuals become reproductively isolated. California Valley oak ( Quercus lobata ) a widely distributed, endemic species California, increasingly jeopardized by anthropogenic changes biota land use. We studied pollen movement savannah at Sedgwick Reserve, Santa Barbara County, to...

The comparative analysis of the population variation patterns exhibited by different types information has long been a genuine anthropological/genetic preoccupation. One generic problems attracting repeated attention is connection between genetic and cultural consequences isolation; we expect both amounts to reflect same history group fission fusion, but what do see in practice? Numerous techniques have employed such work, all based on comparison matrices pairwise distanceslaffinities. A...

Abstract For organisms with limited vagility and/or occupying patchy habitats, we often encounter nonrandom patterns of genetic affinity over relatively small spatial scales, labelled fine‐scale structure. Both the extent and decay rate that pattern can be expected to depend on numerous interesting demographic, ecological, historical, mating system factors, it would useful able compare different situations. There is, however, no heterogeneity test currently available for structure provide us...

Multivariate (multiple-locus) analytic procedures are used to show that the amount of genetic overlap two or more populations, as measured by difficulty correctly allocating individuals, may be formally related average distance between pairs populations. On theoretical grounds, we argue probability correct allocation for individuals should: (1) increase with number segregating loci; (2) increasing taxonomic disparity populations considered; and (3) decrease an in candidate Genetic data on...

ABSTRACT Fifteen allele frequencies have previously been determined for 50 villages of the Yanomama, an Amerindian tribe from southern Venezuela and northern Brazil. These were subjected to spatial autocorrelation analysis investigate their population structure. There are significant patterns most frequencies. Clinal patterns, investigated by one-dimensional directional correlograms, relatively few in number moderate strength. Overall, however, there is a marked decline genetic similarity...

The use of diversity metrics has a long history in population ecology, while genetic work been dominated by variance-derived instead, technical gap that slowed cross-communication between the fields. Interestingly, Rao's Quadratic Entropy (RQE), comparing elements for 'degrees divergence', was originally developed but recently deployed evolutionary studies. We here translate RQE into continuous analogue, and then construct multiply nested partition alleles, individuals, populations, species,...

The statistical power of single‐locus paternity analyses has previously been assessed by calculating an expected exclusion probability ( E ), the excluding a randomly chosen nonfather. This ‐statistic assumes that putative sires are random selection individuals from panmictic study population. In species display male natal philopatry, closely related may be principal competitors for paternity. such structured populations, statistic will overestimate because males competing more than A suite...

Abstract Animals are the principal vectors of dispersal for a large number plant species. Unfortunately it is not easy to discern their movement patterns or fate dispersed seeds. Many animals transport seeds by consuming them and then, some time later, defecating them. Others gather then store later consumption. Both circumstances lead set that have been in clumped pattern, which offers unique opportunity assess seed movements. We introduce novel approach uses maternally inherited tissue...

Quaternary climatic fluctuations have left contrasting historical footprints on the neutral genetic diversity patterns of existing populations different tree species. We should expect demography, and consequently structure, taxa less tolerant to particular extremes be more sensitive long-term climate fluctuations. explore this hypothesis here by sampling all six pine species found in Iberian Peninsula (2464 individuals, 105 populations), using a common set chloroplast microsatellite markers,...

ABSTRACT The gametic disequilibria between all possible pairs of loci were examined for a set eight codominant in each fifty Yanomama villages, using multivariate correlation analysis which reduces the results to single measure departure from multiple-locus-gametic equilibrium. Thirty-two villages departed significantly multiple-locus largest contributions equilibrium due MN and Ss Rh(Cc) Rh(Ee), indicating effects tight linkage. After removing these obvious sources disequilibrium, sixteen...

For plant populations, gene movement through pollen and seed dispersal governs the size of local genetic neighbourhoods shapes opportunities for natural selection drift. A critical question is how together these two processes influence evolutionary dynamics populations. To assess respective contributions flow, we propose a novel indirect assessment separate male female gametic to total effective parental (N(e)), based on correlations estimated via kinship coefficients, that can be applied...