A5086815214- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica
- Plant responses to water stress
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
- Biodiesel Production and Applications
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Research in Cotton Cultivation
- Fungal Biology and Applications
Rothamsted Research
2016-2025
National Academy of Sciences
2019
University of Hertfordshire
2015
University of Warwick
2007-2011
University of York
2000-2006
Novel (United States)
2001
University of Glasgow
2000
Heriot-Watt University
2000
University of Edinburgh
2000
John Innes Centre
1996-1999
Plants form beneficial associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which facilitate nutrient acquisition from the soil. In return, fungi receive organic carbon plants. The transcription factor RAM1 (REQUIRED FOR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZATION 1) is crucial for this symbiosis, and we demonstrate that it required sufficient induction of a lipid biosynthetic pathway expressed in plant cells accommodating fungal arbuscules. Lipids are transferred to fatty acid auxotrophs, export requires...
Abstract Triacylglycerol hydrolysis (lipolysis) plays a pivotal role in the life cycle of many plants by providing carbon skeletons and energy that drive postgerminative growth. Despite physiological importance this process, molecular mechanism is unknown. Here, genetic screen has been used to identify Arabidopsis thaliana mutants exhibit growth arrest phenotype, which can be rescued sugar. Seventeen sugar-dependent (sdp) were isolated, six represent new loci. hydrolase assays showed sdp1,...
Summary Despite the recent discovery that trehalose synthesis is widespread in higher plants very little known about its physiological significance. Here we report on an Arabidopsis mutant ( tps1 ), disrupted a gene encoding first enzyme of biosynthesis (trehalose‐6‐phosphate synthase). The recessive embryo lethal. Embryo morphogenesis normal but development retarded and stalls early phase cell expansion storage reserve accumulation. TPS1 transiently up‐regulated at this same developmental...
The glyoxylate cycle is regarded as essential for postgerminative growth and seedling establishment in oilseed plants. We have identified two allelic Arabidopsis mutants, icl-1 icl-2, which lack the because of absence key enzyme isocitrate lyase. These mutants demonstrate that not germination. Furthermore, photosynthesis can compensate during growth, only when light intensity or day length decreased does become compromised. provision exogenous sugars overcome this deficiency. icl also...
Abstract Phospholipid biosynthesis is essential for the construction of most eukaryotic cell membranes, but how this process regulated in plants remains poorly understood. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana, two Mg2+-dependent phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolases called PAH1 and PAH2 act redundantly to repress phospholipid at endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Leaves from pah1 pah2 double mutants contain ~1.8-fold more than wild type exhibit gross changes ER morphology, which are consistent...
Abstract Triacylglycerol (TAG) is a major storage reserve in many plant seeds. We previously identified TAG lipase mutant called sugar-dependent1 (sdp1) that impaired hydrolysis following Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed germination (Eastmond, 2006). The aim of this study was to identify additional lipases account for the residual observed sdp1. Mutants were isolated three candidate genes (SDP1-LIKE [SDP1L], ADIPOSE TRIGLYCERIDE LIPASE-LIKE, and COMPARATIVE GENE IDENTIFIER-58-LIKE)....
Abstract There has been considerable interest recently in the prospect of engineering crops to produce triacylglycerol (TAG) their vegetative tissues as a means achieve step change oil yield. Here, we show that disruption TAG hydrolysis Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) lipase mutant sugar-dependent1 (sdp1) leads substantial accumulation roots and stems but comparatively much lower leaves. content sdp1 increases with age plant can reach more than 1% dry weight at maturity, 50-fold increase...
Abstract Arabidopsis thaliana seed maturation is accompanied by the deposition of storage oil, rich in essential ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid α-linolenic (ALA). The synthesis ALA highly responsive to level FATTY ACID DESATURASE3 (FAD3) expression, which strongly upregulated during embryogenesis. By screening mutants LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1)–inducible transcription factors using profiling, we identified two (lec1-like and bzip67) with a lipid phenotype. Both share substantial reduction...
Abstract Gluconeogenesis is a fundamental metabolic process that allows organisms to make sugars from non-carbohydrate stores such as lipids and protein. In eukaryotes only one gluconeogenic route has been described organic acid intermediates this relies on the enzyme phospho enol pyruvate carboxykinase (PCK). Here we show two routes exist in Arabidopsis , second uses pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK). critical fuel transition seed seedling. pck1 ppdk mutants are compromised...
Synthesis and accumulation of plant oils in the entire vegetative biomass offers potential to deliver yields surpassing those oilseed crops. However, current levels still fall well short typically found oilseeds. Here we show how transcriptome biochemical analyses pointed a futile cycle previously established Nicotiana tabacum line, accumulating up 15% (dry weight) storage lipid triacylglycerol leaf tissue. To overcome this metabolic bottleneck, either silenced SDP1 lipase or overexpressed...
Summary Increasing the productivity of oilseed crops is an important challenge for plant breeders and biotechnologists. To date, attempts to increase oil production in seeds via metabolic pathway engineering have focused on boosting synthetic capacity. However, tissues many organisms, it well established that levels are determined by both anabolism catabolism. Indeed, content rapeseed ( B rassica napus L .) has been reported decline approximately 10% final stage development, as desiccate....
Abstract Increasing the yield of oilseed crops is an important objective for biotechnologists. A number individual genes involved in triacylglycerol metabolism have previously been reported to enhance oil content seeds when their expression altered. However, it has yet be established whether specific combinations these can used achieve additive effect and this leads enhanced yield. Using Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) as experimental system, we show that seed-specific overexpression...
Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins belong to a family of approximately 450 members in Arabidopsis, which few have been characterized. We identified loss function alleles SLO2, defective PPR protein belonging the E+ subclass P-L-S subfamily. slo2 mutants are characterized by retarded leaf emergence, restricted root growth, and late flowering. This phenotype is enhanced absence sucrose, suggesting defect energy metabolism. The growth retardation phenotypes largely suppressed supplying...
Measurements of metabolic fluxes in whole embryos and isolated plastids have revealed major changes the pathways carbon utilization during cotyledon filling by oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) embryos. In early stage (stage A), used sucrose (Suc) predominantly for starch synthesis. Plastids from these imported glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) partitioned it to fatty acids synthesis oxidative pentose phosphate pathway ratio 2:1:1 on a hexose basis. Of substrates tested, Glc-6-P gave highest...
Castor bean endosperm contains a well known acid lipase activity that is associated with the oil body membrane. In order to identify this enzyme, proteomic analysis was performed on purified bodies. A approximately 60-kDa protein identified (RcOBL1), which shares homology from filamentous fungus Rhizomucor miehei. RcOBL1 features are characteristic of an alpha/beta-hydrolase, such as putative catalytic triad (SDH) and conserved pentapeptide (GXSXG) surrounding nucleophilic serine residue....
Abstract Hydrogen peroxide is a major by-product of peroxisomal metabolism and has the potential to cause critical oxidative damage. In all eukaryotes, catalase thought be instrumental in removing this H2O2. However, plants also contain membrane–associated ascorbate-dependent electron transfer system, using ascorbate peroxidase monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR). Here, I report that conditional seedling-lethal sugar-dependent2 mutant Arabidopsis thaliana deficient membrane isoform MDAR...
Seed dormancy governs the timing of germination, one most important developmental transitions in a plant's life cycle. The DELAY OF GERMINATION1 (DOG1) gene is key regulator seed and major quantitative trait locus Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). DOG1 expression under tight environmental regulation, but transcription factors involved are not known. Here we show that basic LEUCINE ZIPPER TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR67 (bZIP67) acts downstream central development, LEAFY COTYLEDON1, to transactivate...