A5089443391- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Lymphatic Disorders and Treatments
- PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Space exploration and regulation
- Electrical Contact Performance and Analysis
- Tendon Structure and Treatment
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments
- Vascular Malformations and Hemangiomas
- Vascular Procedures and Complications
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
University of California, Berkeley
2015-2024
Fukuoka Children's Hospital and Medical Center for Infectious Diseases
2023
Oita Prefectural Hospital
2017-2023
University of Miyazaki
2023
Hokkaido University
2023
International University of Health and Welfare
2021-2023
The University of Tokyo
2022
Hiroshima University
2019-2022
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
2021
Teikyo University
2020-2021
Abstract Despite the global impact of macrophage activation in vascular disease, underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here we show, with proteomic analysis cell lines treated either IFNγ or IL-4, that PARP9 and PARP14 regulate activation. In primary macrophages, have opposing roles silencing induces pro-inflammatory genes STAT1 phosphorylation M(IFNγ) cells, whereas it suppresses anti-inflammatory gene expression STAT6 M(IL-4) cells. ADP-ribosylation STAT1, which is suppressed by PARP9....
Coupling between the lower and upper atmosphere, combined with loss of gas from atmosphere to space, likely contributed thin, cold, dry modern Mars. To help understand ongoing ion Mars Atmosphere Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft made comprehensive measurements ionosphere, interactions Sun solar wind during an interplanetary coronal mass ejection impact in March 2015. Responses include changes bow shock magnetosheath, formation widespread diffuse aurora, enhancement pick-up ions....
Abstract We present the results of an initial effort to statistically map fluxes planetary ions on a closed surface around Mars. Choosing spherical shell ~1000 km above planet, we both outgoing and incoming ion (with energies >25 eV) over 4 month period. The show net escape behind Mars strong escaping from northern hemisphere with respect solar wind convection electric field. Planetary also travel toward return are particularly in southern field hemisphere. obtain lower bound estimate for...
The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission, during the second of its Deep Dip campaigns, made comprehensive measurements martian thermosphere ionosphere composition, structure, variability at altitudes down to ~130 kilometers in subsolar region. This altitude range contains diffusively separated upper atmosphere just above well-mixed atmosphere, layer peak extreme ultraviolet heating primary reservoir for atmospheric escape. In situ reveal previously unmeasured populations...
Abstract The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft has been continuously observing the variability of solar soft X‐rays EUV irradiance, monitoring upstream wind interplanetary magnetic field conditions measuring fluxes energetic ions electrons since its arrival to Mars. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview space weather events observed during first ∼1.9 years science mission, which includes description heliospheric sources activity. To illustrate variety...
Abstract Measurements provided by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft are analyzed to investigate Martian magnetotail configuration as a function of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) B Y . We find that lobes exhibit ~45° twist, either clockwise or counterclockwise from ecliptic plane, up few radii downstream. Moreover, associated cross‐tail current sheet is rotated away expected location for Venus‐like induced based on nominal IMF draping. Data‐model comparisons...
We developed a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) solar wind model which can be used for practical use in real-time space weather forecasting at Earth's orbit and those of other planets. The MHD simulation covering 3 years (2007–2009) was performed to test the accuracy, numerical results show reasonable agreement with situ measurements Venus Mars by Express Express, respectively. comparison also shows that detect stream interfaces, is useful forecast killer electrons outer Van Allen belt.
Abstract Wavelike perturbations in the Martian upper thermosphere observed by Neutral Gas Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) onboard Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft have been analyzed. The amplitudes of small‐scale with apparent wavelengths between ~100 ~500 km Ar density around exobase show a clear dependence on temperature ( T 0 ) thermosphere. average amplitude is ~10% dayside ~20% nightside, which about 2 10 times larger than those Venusian low‐latitude region...
Abstract We report Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations of electrons, ions, magnetic fields which provide comprehensive demonstration reconnection signatures in the Martian magnetotail. In near‐Mars tail current sheet at X MSO ∼−1.3 R M , trapped electrons with two‐sided loss cones were observed, indicating closed field topology. region, MAVEN observed Hall Marsward bulk flows H + O suggest presence lines tailward from spacecraft. Velocity distribution functions...
The Mars Express (MEX) Ion Mass Analyser (IMA) found that the detection rate of ring-like distribution protons in solar wind outside bow shock to be quite different between orbital summer (around perihelion) and winter aphelion) for four Martian years, while north–south asymmetry is much smaller than perihelion–aphelion difference. Further analyses using eight years MEX/IMA data 2005 2012 has revealed frequency pick-up ions originating from newly ionized exospheric hydrogen with certain flux...
Abstract We report on the complex nature of induced Martian magnetotail using simultaneous magnetic field and plasma measurements from Mars Atmosphere Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft. Two case studies are analyzed which we identify (1) repetitive loading unloading tail flux as magnitude changes dramatically, exhibiting signatures similar to substorm activity within intrinsic magnetospheres; (2) multiple current sheet crossings indicative flapping; (3) tailward flowing high‐energy...
Abstract We conduct an extended survey of reconnection signatures observed in the Martian magnetotail by Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission. Although it is well established that magnetic plays a fundamental role dynamics intrinsic magnetospheres, induced magnetospheres remains poorly understood. Based on comprehensive plasma field measurements MAVEN magnetotail, we first identified 776 current sheet crossings then selected 34 with Hall signatures, which are indicative ion...
Abstract The identification of magnetic reconnection on the dayside Mars has been elusive owing to lack comprehensive plasma and field measurements. Here we present direct measurements in situ signatures by particles fields package board Atmosphere Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft over strong crustal southern hemisphere Mars. During a crossing bifurcated current sheet consisting northward southward fields, MAVEN recorded (i) ionospheric photoelectrons trapped closed lines, (ii) Hall...
Abstract We present Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN observations of large‐amplitude magnetosonic waves propagating through the magnetosheath into Martian ionosphere near subsolar point on dayside planet. The observed grow in amplitude as predicted for a wave denser, charged medium, with amplitudes reaching 25 nT, equivalent to ∼40% background field strength. These drive significant density temperature variations (∼20% 100% amplitude) suprathermal electrons light ion species (H + )...
Abstract We simulate and compare three phases of the Mars‐solar wind interaction with 8 March interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) event using Mars Atmosphere Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission observations in order to derive heavy ion precipitation escape rates. The MAVEN provide initial conditions for steady state MHD model cases, which reproduce observed features solar density, velocity, magnetic field seen along orbit. Applying results a kinetic test particle model, we global maps...
Abstract Direct interaction between the solar wind (SW) and Martian upper atmosphere forms a characteristic region, called induced magnetosphere magnetosheath ionosphere. Since SW deceleration due to increasing mass loading by heavy ions plays an important role in formation, ion composition is also expected change around boundary (IMB). Here we report on relations of IMB, (ICB), pressure balance based statistical analysis about 8 months simultaneous ion, electron, magnetic field observations...
Abstract We present preliminary results and interpretations for Mars Atmospheric Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations of magnetosheath‐ionospheric boundary oscillations at Mars. Using centrifugal force arguments, we first predict that a signature fully rolled up Kelvin‐Helmholtz vortices is sheath ions have bulk motion toward the Sun. The adjacent to vortex should also accelerate speeds higher than mean velocity. while ionospheric are in antisunward, they never attain exceeding ions,...
Abstract It is important to include the effects of cold ions when we consider heavy ion outflows from Mars. We here report on statistical properties (including outflows) observed by Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN in optical wake region. Using data July 2015 December 2017, statistically investigate solar wind convection electric fields crustal magnetic outflows. Results show that average density ratio O + :O 2 :CO ~29:68:04. In southern hemisphere where strong are located, outflow...
Abstract The response of Mars to the major space weather events called interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) is interest for both general planetary solar wind interaction studies and related speculations on their evolutionary consequences—especially with respect atmosphere escape. Various particle field signatures ICMEs have been observed Phobos‐2, Global Surveyor (MGS), Express (MEX), now Atmosphere Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN). Of these, MAVEN's combined instrumentation orbit...
Abstract The Martian magnetotail is a complex regime through which atmospheric particles are lost to space. Our current understanding of Mars' tail continues develop with the comprehensive particle and field data collected by Mars Atmosphere Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN). In this work, we identify periods when MAVEN encounters multiple sheet crossings single traversal in order understand dynamics. We apply an analysis technique that has been developed validated using multipoint measurements...
Abstract In the absence of an intrinsic dipole magnetic field, Mars' O + planetary ions are accelerated by solar wind. Because their large gyroradius, a population these can precipitate back into upper atmosphere with enough energy to eject neutrals space via collision. This process, referred as sputtering, may have been dominant atmospheric loss process during earlier stages our Sun. Yet until now, limited number observations possible; Analyzer Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms‐3/Mars...
Abstract We present Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations of Marsward tailward fluxes suprathermal (>25 eV) ions in the near‐Mars (∼1–1.5 radii downstream) magnetotail. Statistical results show that proton flux magnetic field draping pattern are well organized by upstream motional electric direction. observe both significant tightly wrapped lines hemisphere pointed opposite direction to field. These characteristics very similar those observed at Venus. On other hand,...