The combination of batteries and supercapacitors is promising in electric vehicles context to minimize battery aging. Such a system needs an energy management strategy (EMS) that distributes real-time for real driving cycles. Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP) widely used adaptive forms develop optimization-based EMSs, thanks its analytical approach. This methodology leads off-line optimal solution, which requires extra mechanism applications. In this paper, simplification the PMP method...

Despite their great improvements, reliability and availability of power electronic devices always remain a focus. In safety-critical equipment, where the occurrence faults can generate catastrophic losses, health monitoring most critical components is absolutely needed to avoid prevent breakdowns. this paper, noninvasive method proposed. It based on fuzzy logic neural network estimate predict equivalent series resistance (ESR) capacitance (C) capacitors supercapacitors (SCs). This method,...

This paper studies how the user charging practice affects battery degradation over time.To achieve this objective, a system oriented simplified aging model based on literature is proposed.The differential calculation of capacity loss used for infinitesimal variations.The inputs are state charge, temperature and cumulative number full equivalent cycles.The output health.This identified validated with experimental tests from Renault Zoe 41kWh manufacturer.The (electro-thermal aging)...

Supercapacitors (SCs) impedance modeling represents one important key to get information for SCs health monitoring and simulation. As a matter of fact, behavior is dependent on various parameters such as pore size distribution electrodes, electrolyte state, temperature, aging, etc. We propose in this study model SC taking into account physical considerations. Basing the theory homogenous structure impedance, we first define single using uniform pores distribution. In second step, attempt...

Like any electric energy storage system, supercapacitors have a limited lifetime. Indeed, they degrade with time because of parasitic reactions between electrodes and electrolyte. Porous are complex structures pores size dispersion manufacturing processes. This paper proposes to study the specific impact supercapacitor floating ageing on different pore sizes using multipore model. The model is an equivalent electrical circuit model, capable representing impedance behavior in full range its...

Compared to Li-ion batteries, supercapacitors (SCs) boast longer lifespan, higher power density, and wider operational temperature range. Nevertheless, SCs are expensive (almost 40 times more per watthour than batteries). aging is critical. Two types of tests usually performed. Floating apply constant constraints (voltage temperature), cycling multiple charges discharges. We focus our study on floating [corresponding for instance parking mode electrical vehicles (95% the time) or...

The driving range of electric vehicles is a complex issue. In simulation, this determined by coupling battery model and traction the vehicle. But most models used for such studies do not take into account interaction between temperature (impacting its electrical parameters) studied EV. paper, electro-thermal (with all parameters dependent upon temperature) dynamically coupled with an Simulation results are provided to show impact on range. initial (without dependence) leads overestimation...

Supercapacitors are devices used in wide range of applications, for example automotive applications. Therefore, it is important to monitor and track their ageing. This paper presents a new approach predicting the ageing supercapacitors based on neo-fuzzy neuron association with one-step ahead time series prediction. Ageing information collected from measurement equivalent resistance double layer capacitance train neuron. The obtained model as prognostic tool order forecast supercapacitors....

Supercapacitors are energy storage systems appreciated as high power short duration sources. As any electrochemical devices, supercapacitors subject to ageing processes. Ageing is characterized by electrical performances loss (capacitance fades and Equivalent Series Resistance increases). In this article, we focus on capacitance fade with time for different sets of floating constraints (constant temperature voltage). This article deals the best way modeling fading supercapacitors. Firstly,...

Optimization-based methods are of interest for developing energy management strategies due to their high performance hybrid electric vehicles. However, these often complicated and may require strong computational efforts, which can prevent them from real-world applications. This paper proposes a novel real-time optimization-based torque distribution strategy parallel truck. The aims minimize the engine fuel consumption while ensuring battery charge-sustaining by using linear quadratic...

The CUMIN (Campus of University with Mobility based on Innovation and carbon Neutral) aims at developing a carbon-free campus for the Lille 1 in France. mobility users is indeed most important contributor to Green House Gas emissions campus. progressively replacing thermal cars by electric vehicles which will be charged energy photovoltaic panels.

Electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC) electrodes are made with pores of different geometric characteristics. This particularity is called pore size distribution. During EDLC ageing monitoring, it necessary to know precisely the evolution impedance. Firstly, this article deals classical impedance models like single or constant phase element (CPE) for and exposes their strengths drawbacks. Then a more recent model grouping same capacities presented. Each group can be modeled by an...

Equivalent circuit models are widely used to describe the electrical behavior of batteries. They also prioritized for energetic studies and driving range estimations electric vehicles. This is mainly due their simplicity acceptable accuracy. paper presents a comparison accuracy two equivalent (Rint Thevenin) under scenario. For this, Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation traction subsystem impose current profile into real Li-ion battery module. deduced from reference velocity profile. Then,...

Energy management strategies are mandatory for hybrid energy storage systems in applications electric and vehicles. Optimization-based real-time of interest since they straightforward to optimize performance criteria. The available methods often the combinations adaptive mechanisms with solutions deduced by optimal control techniques such as Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP). This paper proposes an approach develop a strategy battery/supercapacitor based on PMP Energetic Macroscopic...

Cell temperature is a key parameter in terms of ageing and discharge capacity. The objective this paper to present reproducible method characterize the thermal electrical parameters large cell used an electric vehicle. A real vehicle lithium iron phosphate (LFP) characterized thermally electrically at 25 °C. model voltage are then compared with using high power WLTC (Worldwide harmonized Light duty driving Test Cycle) current cycle 25°C ambient temperature.

Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC) are energy storage devices known for their higher lifetime and power density than batteries. They use double layer electrostatic effect between ionic electronic charges. This articles deals with impedance models used EDLC modeling. Firstly this article presents ageing causes through a literature review. Then it is shown by experimental results that mainly affects impedance. Secondly the classical modeling (single pore model, CPE model) physical...

Charging a battery packs is critical point for electric vehicles (EVs). The customer seeking fast charging. However, the current level has negative impact on pack lifetime. This paper aims to study through simulation results self-heating of used in an EV as function charging current. Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) organize control and voltage while coupling electrical thermal domains. shows that can be sizeable even under manufacturer limits. why manufacturers are advising...

Although supercapacitors are more cyclable than batteries, as they don't imply faradic reaction for energy storage, subject to ageing. The main ageing causes temperature and voltage. This article investigates the effect of a supplementary cause which is high frequency ripple current. Indeed, current problem happening DC networks using power electronics converters (as in hybrid vehicles, domestic network ...). Some previous results 1 kHz tended show slight HF on speed [1]. In this two other...

In electric vehicles, supercapacitors (SC) are commonly used to perform a hybrid energy storage system (H-ESS). This approach, correctly coordinated and designed, can extend battery lifetime by limiting the current stress. SC often coupled DC/DC converters. To use maximum stored in SC, high variability of voltage is mandatory. Several time, associated converter ratio becomes too produce instability system. Thus, at each time there minimal value for voltage. article proposes dynamical...

This article presents interpretation of electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC) floating ageing results by a new model called multi-pore (MP) model. allows to separate the different pores time constant and follow each pore group ageing. A comparison between classical EDLC impedance used for monitoring (the phase element (CPE) model) will be achieved. is first that