A5059579484- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Travel-related health issues
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Interpreting and Communication in Healthcare
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Gut microbiota and health
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
2019-2023
Mahidol University
2016-2023
Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research
2009-2020
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
2014-2016
Murdoch Children's Research Institute
2013-2015
Royal Children's Hospital
2015
The University of Melbourne
2013
The University of Queensland
2005-2006
Background Appropriate antenatal care (ANC) is key for the health of mother and child. However, in Papua New Guinea (PNG), only a third women receive any ANC during pregnancy. Drawing on qualitative research, this paper explores influences attendance timing first visit Madang region Guinea. Methods Data were collected three sites utilizing several methods: free-listing sorting terms definitions, focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, observation facilities case studies pregnant women....
Crude rates such as the crude death rate are functions of both age-specific and age composition a population. However, differences in structure between two populations or time periods can result specious corresponding making direct comparisons across inappropriate. Therefore, when comparing populations, it is desirable to eliminate minimize influence composition. This task accomplished by using standard yielding an age-standardized rate. paper proposes updated International Network for...
With the goal for malaria elimination in Thailand set 2024, increased coverage and utilization of bed net, especially insecticide-treated net (ITN) or long-lasting insecticidal (LLIN) is a key strategy. This study aims to provide necessary information about ownership among population at risk living along Thai-Myanmar border Tak province.A cross-sectional was conducted using mixed-method approach 331 households from 5 hamlets villages border. The research tools included questionnaire,...
Summary Objective To investigate the influence of larval control methods (using temephos, keeping fish and covering containers with lids), water use weekly cleaning on presence Aedes aegypti larvae in water‐storage rural urban households Khon Kaen province. Method Cross‐sectional questionnaire survey covered 966 5821 were inspected. Result In areas was patchy often ineffective. Consequently, mosquito indices exceed target for dengue Breteau Indices 201 113, Container 25 28 areas,...
Background Papua New Guinea (PNG) is estimated to have among the highest prevalences of HIV and sexually transmissible infections (STIs) any Asia-Pacific country, one burdens maternal syphilis globally. The prevalence curable STIs, such as Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), pregnant women in PNG relatively unknown.A cross-sectional bio-behavioural survey investigate epidemiology CT, NG, TV other STIs three provinces was undertaken. Women aged...
Malaria is heterogeneously distributed across landscapes. Human population movement (HPM) could link sub-regions with varying levels of transmission, leading to the persistence disease even in very low transmission settings. along Thai–Myanmar border has been decreasing, but remains heterogeneous. This study aimed measure HPM, associated predictors travel, and HPM correlates self-reported malaria among people living within hotspots. 526 individuals from 279 households two hotspot areas were...
ABSTRACT Immunization of pregnant women can be an efficient strategy to induce early protection in infants developing countries. Pneumococcal protein-based vaccines may have the capacity pneumococcal serotype-independent protection. To understand potential maternal protein-specific antibodies high-risk areas, we studied placental transfer naturally acquired pneumolysin (Ply) and surface protein A family 1 2 (PspA1 PspA2) relation onset nasopharyngeal carriage Papua New Guinea (PNG). In this...
Abstract Background Monitoring drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is essential to curb the spread of (TB). Unfortunately, susceptibility testing currently not available Papua New Guinea (PNG) and that impairs TB control this country. We report for first time M. mutations associated with second-line anti-TB drugs Madang, PNG. A molecular cluster analysis was performed identify transmission region. Results Phenotypic tests showed 15.7% at least one 5.2% multidrug resistant (MDR) TB....
Background Approximately 826,000 children, mostly young infants, die annually from invasive pneumococcal disease. A 6-10-14-week schedule of conjugate vaccine (PCV) is efficacious but neonatal PCV may provide earlier protection and better coverage. We conducted an open randomized controlled trial in Papua New Guinea to compare safety, immunogenicity priming for memory 7-valent (PCV7) given a 0-1-2-month (neonatal) with that the routine 1-2-3-month (infant) schedule. Methods 318 infants at...
Dengue is one of the health problems in Myanmar. Thus, promotion schools considered a key approach for reducing risk-taking behaviours related to dengue.The study aimed evaluate dengue training programme high school students measure changes knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards dengue; effectiveness improving prevention control among families determining larval indices their dwelling places.The was conducted Grades 9 10 Yangon. In total, 300 intervention received were compared with...
The effects of neonatal immunization with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) on development T-cell memory and general immune maturation were studied in a cohort Papua New Guinean newborns. Neonatal 7vPCV priming (followed by dose at 1 2 months age) was associated enhanced Th2, but not Th1, cytokine responses to CRM(197) compared age only. T cell non-7vPCV antigens similar all groups, TLR-mediated IL-6 IL-10 vaccinated controls. vaccination primes polarization towards Th2 no...
Background Malaria is the leading cause of illness and death in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Infection during pregnancy with falciparum or vivax malaria, as occurs PNG, has health implications for mother child, causing complications such maternal anemia, low birth weight miscarriage. This article explores knowledge, attitudes practices concerning malaria it’s prevention Madang, a high prevalence area. Methods As part qualitative study exploring MiP, participatory techniques (free-listing sorting)...
The incidence and characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) in remote areas Papua New Guinea (PNG) are largely unknown. purpose our study was to determine the TB Gulf Province PNG describe disease characteristics, co-morbidities drug resistance profiles that could impact on outcomes transmission. Between March 2012 June 2012, we prospectively collected data 274 patients presenting Kikori Hospital with a presumptive diagnosis TB, hospital inpatients receiving treatment during period. Sputum for...
Abstract Background Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, the most common enzymopathy in humans, is prevalent tropical and subtropical areas where malaria endemic. Anti-malarial drugs, such as primaquine tafenoquine, can cause haemolysis G6PD-deficient individuals. Hence, G6PD testing recommended before radical treatment against vivax malaria. Phenotypic assays have been widely used for screening but heterozygous females, random lyonization causes difficulty interpreting...
Concerns about the risk of inducing immune deviation-associated "neonatal tolerance" as described in mice have restricted widespread adoption neonatal vaccination. The aim this study was to demonstrate immunological feasibility pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) which could potentially protect high-risk infants resource poor countries against severe disease and mortality early critical period life. Papua New Guinean were randomized be vaccinated with 7-valent PCV (7vPCV) at birth, 1 2...
Acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) commonly result in fatal outcomes the young children of Papua New Guinea (PNG). However, comprehensive studies viral aetiology ALRI have not been conducted PNG for almost 30 years.To determine viruses associated with among living highlands using sensitive molecular detection techniques.Pernasal swabs were collected routinely between 1 week and 18 months age also during episodes ALRI, as part a neonatal pneumococcal conjugate vaccine trial. A...
Bacterial meningitis remains an important infection globally, with the greatest burden in children low-income settings, including Papua New Guinea (PNG). We present serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility and outcome data from paediatric patients prior to introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) PNG, providing a baseline for evaluation immunisation programs. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected admitted Goroka General Hospital suspected...
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia, the most common childhood death. Papua New Guinean children experience high rates nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization within weeks birth, predisposing them to disease. In trial determine safety and immunogenicity early infant vaccination with 7-valent conjugate vaccine (7vPCV), we investigated impact schedules on carriage. Infants were randomized at birth receive 7vPCV in 0–1–2-month (n = 101) or 1–2–3-month 105) schedule no...
Malaria infections remain an important public health problem for the Thai–Myanmar border population, despite a plan elimination by end of 2026 (Thailand) and 2030 (Myanmar). This study aimed to explore spatiotemporal patterns in Plasmodium falciparum vivax incidence along border. cases among Thai citizens 161 sub-districts Thailand’s Kanchanaburi Tak Provinces (2012–2017) were analyzed assess cluster areas temporal trends. Based on reported incidence, 65.22% 40.99% studied seen be at levels...
ABSTRACT Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is an important tool for the global surveillance of bacterial pathogens that performed by comparing sequences designated housekeeping genes. We developed and tested a novel mass spectrometry-based method MLST Streptococcus pneumoniae . PCR amplicons were subjected to in vitro transcription base-specific cleavage, followed analysis resultant fragments using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time flight spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)....