Neuronal persistent activity has been primarily assessed in terms of electrical mechanisms, without attention to the complex array molecular events that also control cell excitability. We developed a multiscale neocortical model proceeding from network level assess contributions calcium (Ca2+) regulation hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels providing additional and complementary support continuing activation network. The contained 776 compartmental neurons...

Humans and animals time intervals from seconds to minutes with high accuracy but limited precision. Consequently, time-based decisions are inevitably subjected our endogenous timing uncertainty, thus require temporal risk assessment. In this study, we tested assessment ability of humans when participants had withhold each subsequent response for a minimum duration earn reward reset the trial time. Premature responses were not penalized in Experiment 1 2. Participants tried maximize within...

Research on Text-to-speech technology has received the interest of professional researchers in many languages which is a consequence wide range applications where Text-To-Speech implemented. However, Arabic language, spoken by millions people as an official language 24 different countries, gained less attention compared with other despite fact that it religious value for more than 1.6 billion Muslim worldwide. These facts exhibit need high quality, small size, and completely free TTS ability...

This paper is devoted to numerical solutions of direct and inverse problems for the nonlinear nonlocal time fractional equation ∂β/∂tβu(x,y,t)−∇·[f(T2)∇u]=2t, where T2=|∇u|2. After solving problem by method lines, a based on discretization minimization problem, steepest descent method, least-squares approach proposed solution problem. Numerical examples with noise-free noisy data illustrate applicability accuracy some extent.

<abstract> <p>Training neural networks by using conventional supervised backpropagation algorithms is a challenging task. This due to significant limitations, such as the risk for local minimum stagnation in loss landscape of networks. That may prevent network from finding global its function and therefore slow convergence speed. Another challenge vanishing exploding gradients that happen when model become either infinitesimally small or unmanageably large during training. also...

Many organisms can time arbitrary intervals flexibly with high accuracy but substantial variability between trials. One of the core psychophysical properties interval timing function is proportionality standard deviation timed responses to their mean (time scale invariance). Recent experimental evidence show existence cells that fire sequentially progressing time. The consecutively firing cell ensembles shown increase When calculated by adding distributions one after another, noise...

In this paper, we develop an iterative method of lines scheme for the numerical solution to time fractional Richards equation with implicit Neumann boundary conditions, which is effective tool describing a process flow through unsaturated media. A example provided show effectiveness presented different model parameters and inputs. The illustrated here can be applied other types various input functions Dirichlet conditions.

In this paper, we study direct and inverse problems for a nonlinear time fractional diffusion equation. We prove that the problem has unique weak solution depends continuously on coefficient. Then show quasi-solution. The is solved by method of lines using an operator approach. A quasi-Newton optimization used numerical to problem. Tikhonov regularization overcome ill-posedness Numerical examples with noise-free noisy data illustrate applicability accuracy proposed some extent.

Working memory corresponds to our ability store and manipulate information for a short time in order carry out complex cognitive tasks. The brain region most closely associated with working is the prefrontal cortex; neurons within PFC show sustained elevated activity that persists after removal of stimulus. It believed this held during delay period guide forthcoming response. Problems have been implicated numerous neurological diseases including schizophrenia. There models persistent...

Abstract Biological neurons are typically modeled using the Hodgkin-Huxley formalism, which requires significant computational power to simulate. However, since realistic neural network models require thousands of synaptically coupled neurons, a faster approach is needed. Discrete dynamical systems promising alternatives continuous models, as they can simulate neuron activity in far fewer steps. Many existing discrete based on Poincaré-map-like approaches, trace periodic at cross section...

Direct and inverse problems for a nonlinear time fractional equation are studied. It is proved that the direct problem has unique weak solution depends continuously on coefficient. Then it shown quasi-solution. The solved by method of lines using an operator approach. A quasi-Newton optimization used numerical to problem. Tikhonov regularization overcome ill-posedness Numerical examples with noise free noisy data illustrate applicability accuracy proposed some extent.