Recently, solar power generation is significantly contributed to growing renewable sources of electricity all over the world. The reliability and availability improvement photovoltaic (PV) systems has become a critical area interest for researchers. Reliability, availability, maintainability (RAM) an engineering tool used address operational safety issues systems. It aims identify weakest areas system which will improve overall reliability. In this paper, RAM analysis grid-connected solar-PV...

Improving wind turbine performance, operation, and efficiency requires evolving Operation Maintenance (O&M) methods. Different models are required for O&M choices. These offer a broad variety of scenarios variables to reduce energy costs enhance farm profitability. In this regard, paper proposes detailed approach maintenance decisions pick an optimum strategy (MST) different subassemblies turbines based on failure analysis. This is predicated mostly vast field database failures repairs...

This paper illustrates the impact of wind turbine (WT) subassemblies' availability on WTs' performance. Complete and detailed reliability, availability, maintainability (RAM) analysis various subassemblies WTs utilizing Weibull probability density function (PDF) is also introduced. A modified dynamic important measures-based reliability are presented to show significant WT overall system method mainly utilized rank regarding their identifying that planned maintenance should focus on. Dynamic...

Preserving the sustainable agriculture concept requires identifying plant response to water regime and rationing for irrigation. This research compares different irrigation designs coupled with a parametric evaluation system on soil erosion suitability assess sites vulnerable based model (ImpelERO) in an area of 150.0 hectares, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Land maps are prepared using Geographic Information System (GIS), properties analyzed evaluated surface, sprinkler, drip methods. The...

This paper represents an analysis of the Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) major wind turbine generator (WTGs) operating concepts. Three concepts are considered based on acceptable speed range generators. Elaborated RAM each WTG system associated with concept is presented starting from subassemblies level to subsystems then overall system. Based their impact energy production, classified primary secondary elements. A failure in a element causes interruption production...

Temporary faults in photovoltaic (PV) systems can lead to system failure and compromise electronic subassemblies' availability reliability (A&R). Accurately assessing A&R the presence of temporary is crucial for designing, operating, maintaining large-scale grid-connected solar (LS-GCPS). In this study, we propose a modified block diagram (RBD) technique evaluating seven practical LS-GCPS faults. Our approach extends beyond existing methods by examining impact subsystem on overall...

Interconnected transmission systems are increasingly spreading out in HV networks to enhance system efficiency, decrease reserve capacity, and improve service reliability. However, the protection of multi-terminal lines against Broken Conductor Fault (BCF) imposes significant difficulties such as conventional distance relays cannot detect BCF, BCF is not associated with a increase current or reduction voltage Traditionally, earth fault may fault; Nonetheless, it suffers from long delay time....

This paper presents an extensive survey of the failure, and repair rates wind, solar- PV energy conversion systems. Various practical layouts these systems are presented considering various operation modes (i.e. off-grid, grid-connected), load types deferrable, non-deferrable). The wind solar-PV energysystems cover solutions for modes, types. overall structure each system is separated into a set subsystems, then subsystem subassemblies or items. Considering repairable, nonrepairable items,...

In this paper, an extensive reliability analysis of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) is presented. Elaborate the presented starting from subassembly level to subsystem level, then system or overall WECS. The fault tree method with a Weibull probability distribution function introduced as complete model for estimating turbine subassemblies' reliability. was tested using massive dataset failure rates various subassemblies derived relevant literature, comprising operating concepts and...

Abstract The growing load demand globally necessitates increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources into electrical grids as well interconnecting from different countries and even continents through HVDC transmission systems. Since these applications rely on power electronics devices, several quality issues arise, namely voltage sags swells. This paper analyzes response a VSC-HVDC system that interconnects two asynchronous AC to short-duration variations like sag swell by adjusting...

Reactive power is very important in electrical system; it supports transfer active power, supplies loads with required reactive and security operation of system since can affect the voltage level. As produced from generation units, cost no longer free must be estimated. Therefore, function for each unit depend on cost. This paper introduces optimization distributed generators (DGs) capacitor bank microgrid depending instead only, addition to selecting optimal sitting sizing bank. study...

As HVDC system is capable of transmitting bulk power over great distances at low cost, it widely used for electrical transmission and interconnection asynchronous systems in super grids. The paper focuses on the response a voltage sourced converter (VSC) based connecting two AC sources to variable conditions. Additionally, components vector control active/reactive powers DC link are simulated MATLAB/Simulink by adjusting controller's settings. AC/DC voltages both stations monitored analyzed....

High voltage direct current (HVDC) systems provide important advantages; among them the ability to transmit enormous amounts of electrical power over great distances at low cost. As a result, planners consider it as viable choice for transmission and interconnection asynchronous networks. Depending on HVDC grids, continental/super grids have been recently constructed promote global economic development. The study described in paper focuses behavior sourced converter (VSC) based system...

The focusing of paper was aiming to the relation between groundwater types and soil characteristics select plant suitability index.Potential sources recharge both water solutes quaternary aquifer upward flow from underlying Miocene system.Water samples were analyzed for their physical, chemical properties, besides major compositions, ionic ratio A) HCO 3 /Cl;B) Na/Ca ;C) Na/Cl;D) Ca/Cl;E) Mg/Cl;F) K/Cl;G) SO4/Cl;H) Mg/Ca;I) Ca/SO4;J) Ca/HCO3;K) CEV;L) SAR;M) Na/(Ca+Mg);N) HCO3/(Cl+SO4) ;O)...

Kharga Oases is located in the western desert of Egypt.El-Monera, Al-shirka, Kharga, Nasser Al-thawra, Jinnah, East Bulaq were selected as case studies.The purpose current research to assess land capability and suitability annual, semi-annual perennial crops for agriculture.In addition, evaluate contamination by heavy metals soil, irrigation water.The obtained data indicate that main geomorphic units Pedilpain, Sand sheets, Playa.According two evaluation systems applied evaluating studied...