Pollination and herbivory are both key drivers of plant diversity but traditionally studied in isolation from each other. We investigated real-time evolutionary changes traits over six generations by using fast-cycling Brassica rapa plants manipulating the presence absence bumble bee pollinators leaf herbivores. found that under selection evolved increased floral attractiveness, this process was compromised Plants herbivores higher degrees self-compatibility autonomous selfing, as well...

Summary Pollinators prefer flowers with traits that reliably indicate reward quality or quantity, a relationship defining ‘honest signals’. Despite its prevalence in plant–pollinator interactions, genetic variation floral honesty and effects on plant fitness remain poorly understood. Using clonal design, we propagated 41 genotypes of Turnera velutina from natural population to estimate broad‐sense heritability morphological traits, nectar, (i.e. the signal–reward correlation). In factorial...

Despite the paramount role of floral fragrance in pollinator attraction and reproduction flowering plants, we know little about its evolution under natural conditions. Here show that by reducing herbivore load with pesticide application, plants evolved more fragrant flowers within 4 generations compared to normal figures herbivory. We interpret this finding context relieved physiological ecological trade-offs fewer herbivores, selecting for increased signaling plants. Our study confirms...

Mass spectrometry-based plant metabolomics is frequently used to identify novel natural products or study the effect of specific treatments on a plant's metabolism. Reliable sample handling required avoid artifacts, which why most protocols mandate shock freezing tissue in liquid nitrogen and an uninterrupted cooling chain. However, logistical challenges this approach make it infeasible for many ecological studies. Especially research tropics, permanent poses challenge, those studies use...

Push-pull technology refers to a promising mixed cropping practice for sustainable agricultural intensification, which uses properties of intercrop and border crop species defend focal against pests. Currently, the most widely practiced system

Evolution of cross-pollination efficiency depends on the genetic variation flower traits, pollen vector, and trait matching between donors recipients. Trait has been almost unexplored among nonheterostylous species, we examined whether match anther length in stigma recipients influences cross-pollination. To explore potential constraints for evolutionary response, also quantified covariation sepal length, petal width, stamen style herkogamy.

Global agriculture is challenged to provide food for a human population that larger than ever before and still increasing. This accompanied by the need reduce large global impacts of while increasing yields. Early identification plant stress enables fast intervention limit crop losses optimized application pesticides fertilizer environmental impacts. Current image-based approaches identify responses hours or days after event, usually only substantial damage has occurred visual cues become...

A biometric study of the flower, floral rewards (nectar and pollen) pollen-ovule ratios in 14 taxa Vicia (Fabaceae) from Extremadura (Spain) has been evaluated. Almost all characteristics are directly correlated it found that flower size is a good indicator reward production, positively to seed size. direct correlation between pollen (volume) style length likewise observed. This may show importance food reserves sustaining growth its tube along style.

Abstract Ecological interactions between plants and insects are of paramount importance for the maintenance biodiversity ecosystem functioning. Herbicides have long been considered a threat to plant insect populations, but global increases in intensive agriculture availability herbicide‐resistant crops intensified concerns about their full impact on biodiversity. Here, we argue that exposure sublethal herbicide doses has potential alter plant–insect as result disruptions chemical...

The evolution of monomorphisms from heterostylous ancestors has been related to the presence homostyly and loss self-incompatibility, allowing occurrence selfing, which could be advantageous under pollinator limitation. However, flowers some monomorphic species show herkogamy, attraction rewarding traits that presumably favour cross-pollination and/or a mixed mating system. This study evaluated contributions pollinators, breeding system floral reproduction Turnera velutina, herkogamous...

Background Stelis (Orchidaceae) encompasses approximately 1100 species of epiphytic orchids distributed throughout the Neotropics, with highest diversity in Andean South America. Sixty-two were recorded previously Mexico. Methods We formally describe here zootrophionoides as a new from Chiapas, To determine its systematic position, we conducted morphological comparison other members Pleurothallidinae and phylogenetic analysis nucleotide sequences plastid matK/trnK trnL/trnF regions, well...

Abstract Theory predicts that herbivory should primarily determine the evolution of herbivore-induced plasticity in plant defenses, but little is known about influence other interactions such as pollination. Pollinators may exert negative selection on chemical defenses when floral signals and rewards are indirectly affected, provoking deterrent effects these mutualists. We investigated constant pollination evolved patterns degree morphometry volatiles fast-cycling Brassica rapa plants. To do...

Se registran como novedades para la flora de Veracruz 7 especies orquideas a partir material recolectado en el estado durante los ultimos 3 anos, principalmente fragmentos conservados bosque mesofilo montana. Estas son Anathallis abbreviata, Galeoglossum tubulosum, Homalopetalum pumilum, Leochilus johnstonii, Lepanthes totontepecensis, Mormolyca moralesii y Ponthieva mexicana.

Abstract Mass spectrometry-based plant metabolomics is frequently used to identify novel natural products or study the effect of specific treatments on a plant’s metabolism. Reliable sample handling required avoid artifacts, which why most protocols mandate shock freezing tissue in liquid nitrogen and an uninterrupted cooling chain. However, logistical challenges this approach make it infeasible for many ecological studies. Especially research tropics, permanent poses challenge, those...

The polymerization of amino acids under anhydrous prebiotic conditions was first studied several decades ago. Here we use a stochastic model stressing the relevant role polarity in formation oligopeptides milieu. Our goal is to outline predominance co-polypeptides over homo-polypeptides, resulting not only from randomness, but also properties acids. results conclude that there higher probability than homo-polymers. Besides, may hypothesize former would have more ample spectrum possible...

“There's no need to do a test; you have all the symptoms,” doctor said. “You COVID-19.” It was June, and I in my home country of Mexico after spending 3 months stuck Switzerland. had hoped return United States, where am postdoc, but as noncitizen, wasn't allowed re-enter from Europe. told best shot at getting back into might be through Mexico—where pandemic just ramping up. Between virus U.S. government's anti-immigrant tone, felt anxious frustrated. starting question whether advantages...