A5069626194- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Diet and metabolism studies
University of Minnesota
2016-2025
Resonance Research (United States)
2020-2024
University of Minnesota System
2005-2022
University of Salerno
2019
Twin Cities Orthopedics
2012-2018
The Japanese Society of Gastroenterological Surgery
2018
Lynn University
2005-2017
Jacobs (United States)
2017
National Institute of Nursing Research
2017
Minnesota Gastroenterology
2017
<h3>Importance</h3> Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently emerges during adolescence and can lead to persistent illness, disability, suicide. The maturational changes that take place in the brain underscore importance of examining neurobiological mechanisms this time early illness. However, neural depression adolescents have been understudied. Research has implicated amygdala emotion processing mood disorders, adult studies suggested amygdala-frontal connectivity deficits. Resting-state...
Several laboratories have consistently reported small concentration changes in lactate, glutamate, aspartate, and glucose the human cortex during prolonged stimuli. However, whether such correlate with blood oxygenation level—dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) signals not been determined. The present study aimed at characterizing relationship between metabolite concentrations BOLD-fMRI a block-designed paradigm of visual stimulation. Functional spectroscopy (fMRS)...
Background The prevalence and factors associated with overweight/obesity among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons are unknown. Methods We evaluated prospective data from a U.S. Military HIV Natural History Study (1985–2004) consisting of early diagnosed patients. Statistics included multivariate linear regression longitudinal mixed effects models. Results Of 1682 patients, 2% were underweight, 37% overweight, 9% obese at diagnosis. Multivariate predictors higher body mass...
Background: It remains unclear whether hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), and fasting nonfasting triglyceride (TG) levels are equally predictive.Methods: A total of 2809 (of 12 866) men randomized during 1973 through 1975 into the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial with TG measured at baseline were followed up CHD incidence death.Proportional hazards regression models used to assess associations CHD.Results: Average 187 284 mg/dL (2.11...
Because most cooperative societies are despotic, it has been difficult to test models of egalitarianism. Female African lions demonstrate a unique form plural breeding in which companions consistently produce similar numbers surviving offspring. Consistent with theoretical predictions from reproductive skew, female unable control each other's reproduction because high costs fighting and low access newborn cubs. A also lacks incentives reduce her companions' reproduction, own survival depend...
Background and Purpose— Depression may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. We evaluated long-term mortality associated with depressive symptoms measured at middle age among men high coronary heart (CHD). Methods— 12 866 without definite evidence of CHD study entry but who had above average based on blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and/or cigarette smoking were recruited into the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Survivors end trial followed-up an...
Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prevalent but often unrecognized, in part because it tends to co-occur with other disorders such as substance use disorders. Cocaine one high co-occurrence of ADHD.To examine whether treatment co-occurring ADHD and cocaine extended-release mixed amphetamine salts effective at both improving symptoms reducing use.Thirteen-week, randomized, double-blind, 3-arm, placebo-controlled trial participants meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for...
Purpose To determine the test‐retest reproducibility of neurochemical concentrations obtained with a highly optimized, short‐echo, single‐voxel proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) pulse sequence at 3T and 7T using state‐of‐the‐art hardware. Methods A semi‐LASER (echo time = 26–28 ms) was used to acquire spectra from posterior cingulate cerebellum six healthy volunteers who were scanned four times weekly on both scanners. Spectra quantified LCModel. Results More neurochemicals mean Cramér‐Rao lower...
Habitat quality is typically inferred by assuming a direct relationship between consumer density and resource abundance, although it has been suggested that fitness may be more accurate measure of habitat quality. We examined vs. fitness-based measures for lions in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. A 40-year average female reproductive success (yearling cubs per female) was best explained proximity to river confluences, whereas patterns productivity km(2)) adult (individuals were...
Background: Novel interventions for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adolescents are urgently needed. Ketamine has been studied adults with TRD, but little information is available adolescents. This study investigated efficacy and tolerability of intravenous ketamine explored clinical response predictors. Methods: Adolescents, 12–18 years age, TRD (failure to respond two previous antidepressant trials) were administered six (0.5 mg/kg) infusions over 2 weeks. Clinical was defined as a...
The Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study is a probability-based sample of 102 children 3-13 years old who were monitored for commonly used pesticides. During the summer 1997, first-morning-void urine samples (1-3 per child) obtained 88% study and analyzed metabolites insecticides herbicides: carbamates related compounds (1-NAP), atrazine (AM), malathion (MDA), chlorpyrifos (TCPy). TCPy was present in 93% samples, whereas 1-NAP, MDA, AM detected 45%, 37%, 2% respectively. Measured...
The marked increase in popularity of Bayesian methods statistical practice over the last decade owes much to simultaneous development Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) for evaluation requisite posterior distributions. However, along with this computing power has come temptation fit models larger than data can readily support, meaning that often propriety distributions certain parameters depends on associated prior An important example arises spatial modelling, wherein separate random effects...
To examine the long-term association of metabolic syndrome with mortality among those at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).A total 10,950 Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) survivors were followed an additional median 18.4 years (1980-1999). Proportional hazards models examined multivariate-adjusted risks associated Adult Treatment Panel III-defined conditions, BMI substituted waist circumference.At MRFIT annual visit 6, 4,588 (41.9%) men, mean age (+/-SD) 53.0 +/- 5.9...
There is a well-established, strong association between socioeconomic position and mortality. Public health mortality analyses thus routinely consider the confounding effect of when possible. Particularly in absence personally reported data, researchers often use area-based measures to estimate effects position. Data are limited regarding relative merits based on US Census tract versus ZIP code (postal code). ZIP-code have more within-unit variation but also easily obtained. The current...
OBJECTIVE— To report long-term risks for total, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and coronary heart (CHD) mortality associated with incident diabetes (using current diagnostic criteria) nonfatal CVD (NF-CVD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— A total of 11,645 participants without or at baseline from the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial who survived to end trial were grouped by during-trial and/or NF-CVD events: neither nor NF-CVD, only, both NF-CVD. Incident was defined use hypoglycemic...
Among mammals, female reproduction is generally thought to be food limited, and dominance should theoretically afford high-ranking females with access better resources. Although the importance of rank among chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) has been debated in past, mounting evidence suggests that very important (P. t. schweinfurthii) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. In this study, we investigated influence season on foraging strategies. We found spent less time tended have a narrower diet...
Objectives. We explored differences between Black and White men for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality across major risk factor levels. Methods. Major CVD factors were measured among 300 647 20 223 aged 35 to 57 years who screened the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Hazard ratios deaths over 25 of follow-up calculated subgroups stratified according Results. was responsible 2518 30772 men. The age-adjusted Black-to-White hazard ratio 1.35 (95% confidence interval...