Journal Article Strong Neighbor-Stranger Discrimination in Song Sparrows Get access Philip K. Stoddard, Stoddard Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, S. G. Mudd Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2702 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael D. Beecher, Beecher Animal Behavior Program, Guthrie University Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 Cynthia L. Horning, Horning Mary Willis The Condor, Volume 92, Issue 4, 1 November 1990, Pages 1051–1056,...

Colobines have been generally described as primates that use the anterior teeth minimally, but posterior extensively, to process leaves and related food items. However, variation among leaf monkeys in both dental morphology has recognized for decades. In this study, we turn Hylander's (Science 189 (1975) 1095-1098) analysis of incisor row length Kay's (Adaptations foraging nonhuman primates, 1984) examination relative molar crest test hypotheses proposed by them Asian colobines. We present...

Abstract Detailed descriptions of ruffed lemur reproductive biology and behavior are presented, including data on pregnancy, parturition, litter size, infant care. As with various other prosimians, lemurs reproductively photosensitive seasonally polyestrous. Litters one to six infants born from March through July after a gestation length 102 days. The most frequent size in captivity is twins, followed by singletons. Females give birth nest boxes, usually between the hours 2000 0400. Maternal...

We conducted a randomized, controlled preliminary trial to examine the effect of dissonance-based eating disorder program on symptoms and cardiac risk indices in community sample women with subclinical clinical (N = 47), examining efficacy both indicated prevention treatment realms.Eating symptoms, body mass index, biomarkers were examined dissonance assessment-only control conditions at baseline, postintervention, 2-month follow-up. Specifically, we assessed mean R wave amplitude, QT...

Although it is assumed that there are negative social consequences for individuals missing visible front teeth, no study of the way in which edentulous were perceived a context and potential repercussions could be located. This initial concerned college students' perceptions upper teeth. 200 volunteers, 19 to 50 years age ( M = 20.6, SD 4.4), rated five photographs depicting tooth presence or absence, from full dentition as many four on traits including attractiveness, health status,...

Abstract Although many studies have focused on the socio‐economic and nutritional status of Ethiopians, few incorporated anthropometric measurements structured questionnaires to explore links between agriculture, development, nutrition. Additionally, research design included interviews with development agents, university faculty staff, community leaders from Ethiopian highlands. A survey 120 households in three districts E thiopia's famine belt revealed that a majority suffer severe...

Abstract Despite decades of research, little is known about morphometric differences within the dentition Asian colobines. Although some differences, such as M 3 hypoconulid, are often cited distinct among genera, no comprehensive assessment has been made. The objectives this study were to document size and shape in third molars eight colobine including Kasi , Nasalis Presbytis Pygathrix Rhinopithecus Semnopithecus Simias Trachypithecus quantify length for all order understand potential...

Few U.S. adults today experience life without permanent anterior teeth and know little about how an incomplete dentition affects adult well-being. Sudanese refugees, who had resettled in the six mandibular ritually extracted during youth, provided opportunity to examine significance of effect this partial edentulism. The authors interviewed five refugees whose was restored using dental implants. Factors considered before after restoration included incisal ability, food item recognition,...

We conducted a controlled randomized preliminary trial of modified dissonance-based eating disorder program (n = 24) compared to an assessment-only control condition 23) via longitudinal design (baseline, postintervention, 2-month follow-up) in community sample women (N 47) with clinical 22) and subclinical 25) symptoms.The traditional content the Body Project, prevention program, was include verbal, written, behavioral exercises designed dissuade self-objectification maladaptive social...

Sudanese refugees resettled in the U.S. cited replacement of lower front teeth removed through childhood ritual as critical to a healthy transition. Consequently, we designed dental restoration program that included initiatory mental health assessments. This study presents psychological baseline participants prior and includes documentation refugee-related trauma exposure. Dinka Nuer adults were interviewed using Harvard Trauma Questionnaire Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25. Results demonstrated...

Abstract The captive history of the ruffed lemur is presented with concentration on taxonomy, population and husbandry San Diego Zoo population. At conclusion 1985, living black white lemurs numbered 358; red totaled 125. population, established between 1965 1970, began two pairs each subspecies. Intensive breeding at Primate Propagation Center resulted in birth 135 infants 95 as January 7, 1986. Housing specifications are for off‐exhibit 96‐unit facility, describing enclosure size,...

The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25, and the Self-reporting Questionnaire-24 were used to evaluate distress among 22 Dinka Nuer refugees US before after complete restoration of four six lower front teeth that had been extracted during childhood in Sudan. Participants reported significant improvement levels following full missing teeth, including symptoms PTSD. These results illustrate value incorporating community perspectives into selection health treatment...

Objectives: A study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children under five in two drought-prone areas Ethiopia.Study design setting: Through a cross-sectional, mixed-methods approach, data were analysed using multistage random sampling methods.Study subjects outcome measures: Data collected on socioeconomic factors, demographic characteristics anthropometric measurements from 350 households. Height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-height (WHZ)...

Fish constitutes a occasional food for the Sidama people of Hawassa, capital city Ethiopia's Region and site large endorheic lake. Freshly-caught fish, especially Nile tilapia or koroso in Local name, are typically fried prior to consumption. Despite sensory qualities, foods not always advisable due impact frying on nutritional quality food. This study was designed assess that had been same palm oil over six consecutive cycles. The raw fish were purchased from Lake Hawassa market at...

Abstract Background Nut butter-based Ready to Use Supplemental Foods (RUSF) are an effective way add nutrients and calories diets of malnourished food insecure populations. The RUSF formulations have been further modified micronutrients including iron folic acid needed during pregnancy lactation. Because docosahexaenoic (DHA, C22:6 n-3) enhances fetal development birth outcomes, it has suggested that perhaps for should also include this Omega 3 fatty acid. goal the present study was gain...

Abstract Medical aspects of maintaining the ruffed lemurs, Varecia variegata , at San Diego Zoo and recommendations for population management species are presented. Common clinical problems include diarrhea, hair balls, chapped feet in young animals, canine‐tooth abscesses. Congenital abnormalities animals involve scoliosis, incomplete skull formation, internal organ anomalies, neuromuscular disease, all which may be related to small number founders. Population‐management vary complexity...

Abstract Background Household dietary diversity in Rwanda remains low and significantly contributes to the double burden of malnutrition. has one highest under five stunting rates globally, malnutrition most pressing public health issues; therefore, factors that shape food nutrition security are utmost concern. Globally, variety foods available open-air markets been shown affect diversity. Furthermore, consumption indigenous can contribute a diverse diet improve status. At present, there...