Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) consists of fragments shed from organisms into the environment, and can be used to identify species presence abundance. This study aimed reveal dispersion degradation processes eDNA in sea. Caged fish were set off end a pier Maizuru Bay, Sea Japan, their was traced at sampling stations located cage 10, 30, 100, 300, 600 1000 m distances along two transect lines. surface water collected each station 0, 2, 4, 8, 24 48 h after setting cage, again removing cage....

The advent of environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis methods has enabled rapid and wide-range ecological monitoring in aquatic ecosystems, but there is a dearth information on eDNA degradation. results previous studies suggest that the decay rate varies depending length fragments. To examine this hypothesis, we compared temporal change copy number long fragments (719 bp) with short (127 bp). First, isolated rearing water from target fish species, Japanese Jack Mackerel (Trachurus japonicus), then...

Abstract Aqueous environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has been applied to the monitoring of various ecosystems and taxa, characteristics aqueous eDNA have previously studied. In contrast, although sedimentary used restore past information, are not well understood. this study, we compared properties macro‐organisms. First, clarify preservation ability sediments, difference in decay rates between using samples collected from a biotope (an artificial pond prepared with concrete). Next, biological...

Abstract Far too little is known about the long-term dynamics of populations for almost all macro-organisms. Here, we examined utility sedimentary DNA techniques to reconstruct in “abundance” a species, which has not been previously defined. We used fish marine sediments and whether it could be track past pelagic abundance waters. Quantitative PCR was applied on sediment-core samples collected from anoxic bottom Beppu Bay, Japan. The three dominant species (anchovy, sardine, jack mackerel)...

Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has seen rapid development in the last decade, as a novel biodiversity monitoring method. Previous studies have evaluated optimal strategies, at several experimental steps of eDNA metabarcoding, for simultaneous detection fish species. However, sampling especially season and location water sampling, not been thoroughly. To identify seasons locations, we performed monthly or two‐monthly intervals throughout year three dam reservoirs. Water samples...

Abstract Background Real‐time PCR has been widely employed in environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys to detect and quantify target species. The biggest obstacle real‐time based eDNA assays is the inhibition of amplification that results false‐negative detection uncertainty quantification. Aims Here, we aimed evaluate resistance reagents for quantification DNA. Materials & Methods We compared six commercial reagents, including four inhibitor‐resistant major inhibitory substances, i.e., humic,...

Water sampling and filtration of environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis have been performed by several different methods, each method may yield a species composition or eDNA concentration. Here, we investigated the seawater samples directly collected SCUBA to compare two widely used methods: open with glass filter (GF/F) enclosed (Sterivex). We referred biomass based on visual observation data simultaneously clarify difference between organism groups. were at points in Sea Japan May, September...

ABSTRACT Recent efforts have focused on reconstructing the historical abundance of unfossilized organisms using environmental DNA preserved in sediments (sedDNA). This information is crucial for understanding long‐term changes ecosystems. However, because sedDNA prone to degradation, its quantification may not always provide accurate estimates past abundances. To address this issue, we developed a novel method correct degradation by incorporating plankton remains and applied it estimate...

Biodiversity monitoring is important for the conservation of natural ecosystems in general, but particularly amphibians, whose populations are pronouncedly declining. However, amphibians’ ecological traits (e.g. nocturnal or aquatic) often prevent their precise monitoring. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding – analysis extra-organismal released into environment allows easy and effective biodiversity aquatic organisms. Here, we developed tested utility original PCR primer sets. First,...

Although populations of anguillid eels have declined remarkably in recent decades, monitoring data on the spatial and temporal variation their dynamics are often limited, particularly for tropical eel species. As there sympatries multiple species rivers, identifying based solely morphological characteristics is challenging. Basin-scale surveys were conducted rivers southern Japan northern Taiwan to investigate (1) whether distribution, abundance, biomass species, giant mottled (Anguilla...

Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) can be a powerful tool for detecting the distribution and abundance of target species. This study aimed to test longevity eDNA in marine sediment through tank experiment use this information reconstruct past faunal occurrence. In experiment, juvenile jack mackerel ( Trachurus japonicus ) were kept flow-through tanks with two weeks. Water samples from collected after removal fish. field trial, cores Moune Bay, northeast Japan, where unusual blooms jellyfish...

Abstract Monitoring reproductive migration is essential for the conservation of anadromous species. Shishamo smelt ( Spirinchus lanceolatus) endemic to Hokkaido, northernmost large island in Japan. S. lanceolatus an species that known migrate into rivers a very short period early winter. While this has special value local fisheries, catch amount drastically declined last few decades. Information about dynamics limited, which prevents them from being efficiently managed as resource. In study,...

Abstract Background Mycetoma is a chronic disease affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissue endemic in tropical subtropical regions. Several bacteria fungi can cause mycetoma, but fungal mycetoma (eumycetoma) challenging because treatment requires combination of long-term antifungal agent surgery. Although transmission route has not yet been elucidated, infection from soil leading hypothesis. However, there are few investigation studies, geographical distribution pathogens well documented....

Abstract Alien ant species (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) cause serious damage worldwide. Early detection of invasion and rapid management are significant for controlling these species. However, attempts sometimes hindered by the need direct techniques, such as capture, visual observation, or morphological identification. In this study, we demonstrated that environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis can be used a monitoring tool alien ants using Linepithema humile (Argentine ant), one most invasive ants,...

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis allows non-invasive and cost-effective monitoring of species distribution composition in aquatic ecosystems. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) treatment is an inexpensive simple method for preserving macrobial eDNA water samples, which suitable maximizing both the number sampling replicates volume. However, its preservation performance has been evaluated a limited manner by species-specific assays, targeting short fragments mitochondrial freshwater brackish Here,...

Abstract Palaemon paucidens has a large population and is an important food source for fish in Lake Biwa, Japan. They are abundant shallow waters from spring to summer, after which most individuals migrate offshore deep areas where they remain during autumn winter. However, some nonmigratory, remaining over It been reported that P. have declined recent years; better understanding of its seasonal distribution needed manage this species, basic information on indispensable. We tracked the...

Mycetoma is a tropical disease caused by several fungi and bacteria present in the soil. Fungal mycetoma eumycetoma are especially challenging to treat; therefore, prevention, early diagnosis, treatment important, but it also necessary understand geographic distribution of these pathogenic fungi. In this study, we used DNA metabarcoding methodology identify fungal species from soil samples. Soil sampling was implemented at seven villages an endemic area Sennar State Sudan 2019, ten sites...

Preventing mosquito-borne infectious diseases requires that vector mosquitoes are monitored and controlled. Targeting immature (eggs, larvae, pupae), which have less mobility than adults, is an effective management approach. However, conducting these surveys often difficult due to the limitations of morphological classification survey costs. The application environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis can solve issues because it allows easy estimation species distribution morphology-independent...

Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis allows noninvasive and cost‐effective monitoring of macroorganisms' distribution composition in aquatic ecosystems. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is an inexpensive simple preservative for eDNA water samples has been used many studies preventing its degradation during transportation. However, preservation performance limitedly evaluated by species‐specific assays, targeting short fragments mitochondrial freshwater brackish Here, we examined the BAC...