Categorical perception, indicated by superior discrimination between stimuli that cross categorical boundaries than within a category, is an efficient manner of classification. The current study examined the development perception emotional in infancy. We used morphed facial images to investigate whether infants find contrasts be more salient those do not, while matching degree differences two contrasts. Five-month-olds exhibited sensitivity boundary sadness and disgust, happiness surprise,...

This study evaluated maternal urine drug screen (UDS) at delivery and umbilical cord testing its association with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) diagnosis severity following exposed pregnancy.A retrospective chart review of 770 mother-infant dyads five birthing hospitals in the United States Appalachian region for a five-year period was performed. Variables interest included dyad demographics, results UDS testing, three outcomes: NOWS diagnosis, pharmacologic treatment...

Abstract The current study examined the stability, consistency, and predictive utility of average fixation durations in infancy. In Study 1, infants' ( N = 80) duration when viewing social stimuli was found to show strong relative stability from 3.5 9 months age. 2, within‐infant consistency 3.5‐month‐old 73) nonsocial stimuli. 3, 3.5‐ 9‐month‐old 89) systematically vary with parent‐reported symptoms attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at 4–6 years These results suggest that...

The prevalence of opioid use disorder has increased across the United States, but rural population Appalachia been disproportionately impacted. Concurrently, slow, steady progress in legalization marijuana may be affecting perception pregnancy. However, pregnancy associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Concomitant opioids and not evaluated.The primary aim study was to evaluate association between confirmed late preterm birth opioid-exposed pregnancies.A retrospective chart review...

Hands convey important social information, such as an individual's emotions, goals, and desires, are used to direct attention through pointing, a major organ for haptic perception. However, very little is known about infants' representation of human hands. In Experiment 1, infants tested in familiarization/novelty preference task discriminated between images intact hands ones that contained first-order structure distortions (i.e., with locations fingers altered result unnatural...

Although there is a wealth of knowledge on categorization early in life, are still many unanswered questions about the nature category representation infancy. For example, it unclear whether infants sensitive to boundaries between complex categories, such as types animals, or young exhibit sensitivity without explicit experience lab. Using morphing technique, we linearly altered composition images and measured 6.5-month-olds' attention pairs animal faces that either did not cross categorical...

Infants prenatally exposed to opioids exhibit withdrawal symptomology that introduce physiological noise and can impact newborn hearing screening results. This study compared the referral rate interpreted by number of trials rejected due artifact on initial screenings infants with prenatal opioid exposure (POE) no (NOE). Furthermore, within POE group, it examined relationship rates severity symptomology, maternal infant risk factors.

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Objective:</bold> The main objective of the study was to compare neonatal outcomes; incidence NOWS, length hospital stay (LOS), admission intensive care (NICU), treatment with morphine and head circumference between newborns mothers who had tapering buprenorphine (T group) during pregnancy non-tapering (NT group. <bold>Study Design:</bold> It a prospective, pilot, case-control trial pregnant women done in North-East Tennessee opioid use disorder (OUD) tapered...

Objectives: The current study extends research on prenatal substance exposure (PSE) and infant growth by systematically examining to various substances applying multi-level modeling (MLM) evaluate the impact of PSE, feeding issues, gastrointestinal issues weight across first three years life identify factors associated with problems. Methods: A retrospective chart review (2017-2020) infants PSE (n=240) without (n = 209) was conducted. Over five thousand weights from four were extracted. MLM...

Abstract Infants are sensitive to distortions the global configurations of bodies by 3.5 months age, suggesting an early onset body knowledge. It is unclear, however, whether such sensitivity indicates knowledge location specific parts or solely reflects overall gestalt bodies. This study addressed this issue examining whether, like adults, infants attend locations where have been reorganized. Results show that adults and 5‐month‐olds, but not 3.5‐month‐olds, allocated more attention joint...

Abstract The waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR) is correlated with health and associated sex, attractiveness, age judgments by adults. We examined the development of sensitivity to WHR testing 3.5‐month‐old infants' ( N = 71) preference between images depicting different WHRs. Female 3.5‐month‐olds exhibited a for attractiveness mate value adults (0.7) over larger (0.9). This was when infants were tested on upright stimuli but not they inverted stimuli, indicating that low‐level differences (e.g.,...

Purpose: To investigate the association between prenatal opioid exposure (POE) and newborn infants' motor performance to aid in early identification of developmental delays. Methods: Nineteen infants with POE requiring pharmacological treatment, 27 without 25 were assessed via Test Infant Motor Performance (TIMP). Results: Infants both groups had lower TIMP scores than POE. There was no difference who required treatment did not require treatment. Conclusions: The can detect differences...

INTRODUCTION: Treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) in pregnancy is challenging. There are reports successful weaning OUD pregnancy, even though professional bodies maintain the recommendation nonweaning during pregnancy. METHODS: It was a prospective, nonintervention study after local IRB's approval. We have university group obstetrician providers who will wean buprenorphine contracting with pregnant women while providing counseling and social services. Many choose to wean, many continue...

Purpose Examine whether barriers to physical activity (PA) and PA level serve as serial mediators the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) perceived quality of health. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: A public university in Southeast United States. Subjects Seventy-five participants (18- 49 years). Measures: Self-report measures related ACEs, PA, amount Analysis Serial mediation analysis. Barriers was a first-order mediator, second-order mediator ACEs Results levels...

Methods: Activation of At1a receptors is known to augment blood pressure.C57Bl/6 male (n = 14) and female mice where given ad libitum access a low fat (10%) or high (60%) diet for 3 months.Two months after feeding, animals were further divided into groups which received daily gavages 10% solution piperine (control) 300 mg curcumin + (treated) 30 days.Bodyweight food intake measured weekly.Blood pressure was at the conclusion study using tail-cuff system.Results: Our data demonstrated that...

ABSTRACTBackground A challenge in addressing neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) is knowing who has been exposed and needs monitoring for withdrawal. Women do not always get asked about or disclose use, biologic testing neither universal nor infallible. We investigate the prevalence effectiveness of methods identifying prenatal exposure.Methods review medical charts at five delivery hospitals identified newborns with known exposure (i.e., NOWS diagnosis) study inclusion.Results Over...