Studies of evolutionary responses to novel environments typically consider single species or perhaps pairs interacting species. However, all organisms co-occur with many other species, resulting in dynamics that might not match those predicted using approaches. Recent theories predict interactions diverse systems can influence how component evolve response environmental change. In turn, evolution have consequences for ecosystem functioning. We used experimental communities five bacterial...

Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) was investigated for its suitability as a general identification system bacteria and fungi. Strains of 28 clinically relevant bacterial species were analyzed in negative ion mode, corresponding data subjected to unsupervised supervised multivariate statistical analyses. The created model yielded correct cross-validation results 95.9%, 97.8%, 100% on species, genus, Gram-stain level, respectively. These not affected by the resolution...

The blood meal of the female malaria mosquito is a pre-requisite to egg production and also represents transmission route for parasite. proper rapid assimilation proteins nutrients in creates significant metabolic challenge mosquito. To better understand this process we generated global profile metabolite changes response Anopheles gambiae, using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). disrupt key pathway amino acid metabolism silenced gene phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) involved...

Staphylococcus aureus escapes from immune recognition by invading a wide range of human cells. Once the pathogen becomes intracellular, most important last resort antibiotics are not effective. Therefore, novel anti-infective therapies against intracellular S. urgently needed. Here, we have studied physiological changes induced in host cells during its proliferation. This is important, because exploits cell’s metabolism for own We find that severely depletes glucose and amino acid pools,...

Abstract Histone modifications commonly integrate environmental cues with cellular metabolic outputs by affecting gene expression. However, chromatin such as acetylation do not always correlate transcription, pointing towards an alternative role of histone in metabolism. Using approach that integrates mass spectrometry-based modification mapping and metabolomics stable isotope tracers, we demonstrate elevated lipids acetyltransferase-depleted hepatocytes result from carbon atoms derived...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms chronic infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, and is leading cause morbidity mortality patients with CF. Understanding how this opportunistic pathogen adapts to CF lung during important increase efficacy treatment likely insight into other long-term infections. Previous studies P. adaptation divergence have focused on genetic level, both identifying characteristic mutations patterns gene expression. However, these approaches are not sufficient...

ABSTRACT Nitrogen regulation in Escherichia coli is a model system for gene bacteria. Growth on glutamine as sole nitrogen source assumed to be limiting, inferred from slow growth and strong NtrB/NtrC-dependent activation. However, we show that under these conditions, the intracellular concentration not limiting but 5.6-fold higher than ammonium-replete conditions; addition, α-ketoglutarate concentrations are elevated. We address this paradox systems perspective. dominant role of NtrC...

ABSTRACT Untargeted profiling of small-molecule metabolites from microbial culture supernatants (metabolic footprinting) has great potential as a phenotyping tool. We used time-resolved metabolic footprinting to compare one Escherichia coli and three Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains growing on complex media show that considering metabolite changes over the whole course growth provides much more information than analyses based data single time point. Most strikingly, there was pronounced...

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is widely used as an analytical platform for metabolomics. Many studies make use of 1D spectra, which have the advantages relative simplicity and rapid acquisition times. The spectral data can then be analyzed either with a chemometric workflow or by initial deconvolution fitting step to generate list identified metabolites associated sample concentrations. Various software tools exist simplify process, but at least this still requires degree...

The Crc protein, together with the Hfq participates in catabolite repression pseudomonads, helping to coordinate metabolism. Little is known about how affects hierarchy of metabolite assimilation from complex mixtures. Using proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we carried out comprehensive profiling culture supernatants (metabolic footprinting) over course growth both Pseudomonas putida and P. aeruginosa, compared wild-type strains deletion mutants for crc. A consumption was...

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronically infects the airways of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients during which it adapts and undergoes clonal expansion within lung. It commonly acquires inactivating mutations anti-sigma factor MucA leading to a mucoid phenotype, caused by excessive production extracellular polysaccharide alginate that is associated with decline in lung function. Alginate believed be key benefit mucA bacterium CF A phenotypic gene expression characterisation...

Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most commonly used analgesics worldwide, and overdoses are associated with lactic acidosis, hepatocyte toxicity, acute liver failure due to oxidative stress mitochondrial dysfunction. Hepatoma cell lines typically lack CYP450 activity generate reactive metabolite APAP observed in vivo, but still subject cytotoxicity. In this study, we employed metabolic profiling isotope labelling approaches investigate impact exposure cytotoxic doses on widely HepG2 model....

Scope Wholegrain has been associated with reduced chronic disease mortality, oat intake particularly notable for lowering blood cholesterol and glycemia. To better understand the complex nutrient profile of oats, we studied urinary excretion phenolic acids avenanthramides after ingestion bran in humans. Methods results After a 2‐d (poly)phenol‐low diet, seven healthy men provided urine 12 h before 48 consuming 60 g (7.8 μmol avenanthramides, 139.2 acids) or phenolic‐low (traces phenolics)...

Abstract Host-directed therapeutics are a promising anti-infective strategy against intracellular bacterial pathogens. Repurposing host-targeted drugs approved by the FDA in US, MHRA UK and/or regulatory equivalents other countries, is particularly interesting because these commercially available, safe doses documented and they have been already for clinical purposes. In this study, we aimed to identify novel therapies Staphylococcus aureus , an opportunistic pathogen that able exploit host...

<title>Abstract</title> Age-related muscle mass is driven by a reduction in insulin sensitivity partly mediated reduced amino acid and anabolic signalling kinetics. Insulin activates Akt-mTORC1 skeletal with inositol hexokinase phosphate 1 (IP6K1) shown to inhibit this pathway pre-diabetic humans. We aimed compare plasma IP6K1 young vs older adults the possible role of response protein + RE. Nine (24.9±0.4 years) nine (66.2±0.5 healthy, moderately active received primed continuous infusions...

The global increase in prevalence of (pre-)diabetes demands immediate intervention strategies. In our earlier work, we demonstrated vitro antidiabetic potential a fermented beetroot product (PN39). Here, examined the impact PN39 on glucose tolerance and gut microbiota C57BL/6J male mice prediabetic (PD) subjects' stool microbiota. mice, high-fat diet (HFD) consumption for 9 weeks resulted hyperglycemia impaired (GT) while concomitant HFD (PN39+HFD) prevented GT impairment. Meanwhile, feeding...

Ribonucleoprotein-condensates are membraneless compartments that concentrate RNA-binding proteins and RNA play key roles in cellular adaptation across both eukaryotes bacteria. While the biological of ribonucleoprotein-condensates better understood eukaryotic systems, knowledge metabolic processes govern their formation contribution to stress remains at a nascent stage bacterial biology. Hfq is an RNA-chaperone conserved many bacteria undergoes condensation response diverse stresses. Using...

Metabolic footprinting has shown enormous potential as a phenotyping tool and we are interested in applying it to understand the physiology of opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa during its chronic infection lungs cystic fibrosis patients. The selection pressures surviving CF lung environment lead genetic adaptations bacterium. A common adaptation is mutation mucAgene, resulting loss-of-function anti-sigma factor MucA, which leads mucoid phenotype consequence overproduction...

The mosquito microbiota reduces the vector competence of Anopheles to Plasmodium and affects host fitness; it is therefore considered as a potential target reduce malaria transmission. While immune induction, secretion antimicrobials metabolic competition are three typical mechanisms microbiota-mediated protection against invasive pathogens in mammals, involvement or mutualism mosquito-microbiota microbiota-Plasmodium interactions has not been investigated. Here, we describe metabolome...

Ammonium assimilation in Escherichia coli is regulated by two paralogous proteins (GlnB and GlnK), which orchestrate interactions with regulators of gene expression, transport proteins, metabolic pathways. Yet how they conjointly modulate the activity glutamine synthetase, key enzyme for nitrogen assimilation, poorly understood. We combine experiments theory to study dynamic roles GlnB GlnK during starvation upshift. measure time-resolved vivo concentrations metabolites, total...

As a facultative intracellular pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus is able to invade and proliferate within many types of mammalian cells. Intracellular bacterial replication relies on host nutrient supplies and, therefore, cell metabolism closely bound infection. Here, we investigated how S. invasion affects the membrane-bound fatty acids. We quantified relative levels acids their labelling pattern after infection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Interestingly, observed that...