Hemicelluloses are a diverse group of complex, non-cellulosic polysaccharides, which constitute approximately one-third the plant cell wall and find use as dietary fibres, food additives raw materials for biofuels. Genes involved in hemicellulose synthesis have not been extensively studied small grain cereals. In efforts to isolate sequences cellulose synthase-like (Csl) gene family from wheat, we identified 108 genes (hereafter referred TaCsl). Each was represented by two three...

Cellulose is the primary determinant of mechanical strength in plant tissues. Late-season lodging inversely related to amount cellulose a unit length stem. Wheat most widely grown all crops globally, yet information on its CesA gene family limited. We have identified 22 genes from bread wheat, which include homoeologs each three genomes, and named them as TaCesAXA, TaCesAXB or TaCesAXD, where X denotes number last suffix stands for respective genome. Sequence analyses CESA proteins wheat...

A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of rice residue management practices on weed dynamics and in wheat crop during rabi 2019–20 2020–21 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab. Results revealed that population biomass different weeds 60 days after sowing lower under Happy seeder (zero tillage with retention) as compared other removal, burning incorporation. Lower Phalaris minor recorded pinoxaden 50 g a.i./ha treated plots metsulfuron plus carfentrazone 25...

ABSTRACT Rising temperature is a major concern globally and its impact on crop production food security obvious. The of rising various crops needs to be studied under field conditions. Therefore, study was conducted at Ludhiana (India) during 2021 2022 investigate the effect high growth yield cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), C3 legume, pearl millet Pennisetum glaucum R. Br.), C4 cereal grown as fodder crops. Artificial heat stress imposed 0–15, 16–30, 31–45, 46–60 0–60 days after...

In the present investigations, monitoring of seasonal variations in concentrations heavy metals (Pb, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr and Ni) Yamuna river water flowing through Delhi have been carried out during year 2011. River, segment has chosen for this study as is a major industrial centre country, leading to addition loads contaminants into Yamuna. For purpose, sampling was done from ten selected sites (most likely be affected by & anthropogenic activities) two seasons i.e. summer (May)...

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important protein-rich pulse crop produced globally. Increasing the lipid content of Pisum seeds through conventional and contemporary molecular breeding tools may bring added value to crop. However, knowledge about genetic diversity in field limited. An understanding population structure diverse germplasm a prerequisite for dissection complex characteristics marker-trait associations. Fifty polymorphic microsatellite markers detecting total 207 alleles...

Potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) is one of four major food crops in the world. Weed control a component potato production and has been accomplished using different methods, including but not limited to use herbicides straw mulch. A combination preemergence herbicide mulch may improve weed control; however, no information available for combining both along with their effects on control, density, tuber yields. The objective this study was evaluate atrazine or applied alone at rates combination....

Plant cell wall formation is a complex, coordinated and developmentally regulated process. Cellulose the most dominant constituent of plant walls. Because its paracrystalline structure, cellulose main determinant mechanical strength tissues. As abundant polysaccharide on earth, it also focus cellulosic biofuel industry. To reduce culm lodging in wheat for improved ethanol production, delineation variation stem content could prove useful. We present results analysis 288 diverse accessions...

The purpose of the study was to examine ‘emotional maturity’ among university students. investigators had selected two hundred (N = 200) male and female subjects, out which one [N 100] sportspersons 50 N female) non-sportspersons who were studying in various affiliated colleges campus Panjab University, Chandigarh. Sportspersons those participated Inter-college Inter-university competitions games/sports. Non–sportspersons students did not participate any game or sport activity. age all...

Herbicide resistance in weeds is a global threat to sustaining food security. In India, herbicide-resistant Phalaris minor was the major problem wheat for more than two decades, but continuous use of metsulfuron-methyl (an ALS inhibitor) control broadleaf has resulted evolution inhibitor-resistant Rumex dentatus L. This review summarizes current scenario herbicide R. dentatus, along with its ecology and management perspectives. Studies have provided valuable insights on emergence pattern...

The field efficacy of pre-and post-emergence herbicides for control mixed weed flora in wheat was evaluated a study conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during Rabi seasons 2014–15 and 2015–16. season long growth weeds reduced yield upto 38.5%. Pendimethalin metribuzin recorded 65–73 73–78% Phalaris minor, respectively their tank-mix application enhanced P. minor to 78–85%. 26–33 5863% Medicago denticulata, 77–92% this weed. provided Rumex dentatus the extent 98–100% 68–92%,...

Seeds of isoproturon resistant Phalaris minor were collected from wheat fields and field experiments conducted during winter season 2012 2013. The biotype was found to clodinafop-propargyl, fenoxaprop-pethyl also showed cross resistance pinoxaden. Mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron sulfosulfuron provided 65 90 per cent control the weed, respectively. Metribuzin recorded above weed both years. Plants sprayed with metribuzin a sharp decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm ratio) about as compared...

Bioremediation is one of the most imminent technological approaches to meet hazardous waste problems, which transforms toxic chemicals into less or nontoxic substances using bacteria fungi. Instead direct chemical physical treatment, such biological transformation more striking where microorganisms are used as efficient, cost-effective and non-disruptive tools for eliminating materials. Major destructive impacts pollutants perinatal, respiratory, cardiovascular mental disorders, mortality,...

Weed monitoring and survey was conducted to detect appearance of new weed species. Ten species namely Galium spurium Linn. (family Rubiaceae), Geranium nepalense Sweet Geraniaceae), Lamium amplexicaule Lamiaceae), Evolvulus nummularius Convolvulaceae), Euphorbia thymifolia Linn.(family Euphorbiaceae), Oenothera laciniata Hill Onagraceae), Soliva anthemifolia (Juss.) R. Brown Asteraceae), Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. Hook. f. ex A. Gray Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv. Solanaceae)...