Categorization with basic color terms is an intuitive and universal aspect of perception. Yet research on visual working memory capacity has largely assumed that only continuous estimates within space are relevant to memory. As a result, the influence categories remains unknown. We propose dual content model representation in which matches objects either present (perception) or absent (memory) integrate category representations along specific values scale ("particulars"). develop test...

Abstract Does perceptual consciousness require cognitive access? Ned Block argues that it does not. Central to his case are visual memory experiments employ post‐stimulus cueing—in particular, Sperling's classic partial report studies, change‐detection work by Lamme and colleagues, a recent paper Bronfman colleagues exploits our perception of ‘gist’ properties. We argue contra these do not support claim. Our reinterpretations differ from previous critics' in challenging as well longstanding...

Working memory for color has been the central focus in an ongoing debate concerning structure and limits of visual working memory. Within this area, delayed estimation task played a key role. An implicit assumption research generally, particular, is that fidelity does not depend on value (and, relatedly, experimental colors have sampled homogeneously with respect to discriminability). This reflected common practice collapsing across trials different target when estimating precision other...

Meaningful visual experience requires computations that identify objects as the same persisting individuals over time, motion, occlusion, and featural change. This article explores these in tunnel effect: When an object moves behind occluder, then later emerges following a consistent trajectory, observers irresistibly perceive object, even when pre- postocclusion views contrast featurally. introduces new change detection method for quantifying percepts of effect. Observers had to detect...

Coherent visual experience requires that objects be represented as the same persisting individuals over time and motion. Cognitive science research has identified a powerful principle guides such processing: Objects must trace continuous paths through space time. Little is known, however, about how neural representations of objects, typically defined by features, are influenced spatiotemporal continuity. Here, we report consequences spatiotemporally vs. discontinuous motion on perceptual in...

Human visual memory is tolerant, meaning that it supports object recognition despite variability across encounters at the image level. Tolerant remains one capacity in which artificial intelligence trails humans. Typically, tolerance described as a property of human long-term (VLTM). In contrast, working (VWM) not usually ascribed role tolerant recognition, with tests system demanding discriminatory power-identifying changes, sameness. There are good reasons to expect VLTM more tolerant;...

A manual-search experiment with rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) explored dynamic object individuation in the tunnel effect: Subjects watched as a lemon rolled down ramp and came to rest behind (Occluder 1) then kiwifruit emerged became occluded at end of its path screen 2). When about time that should have (had it continued motion), subjects searched for food only Occluder 2—apparently perceiving transformed into on basis spatiotemporally continuous motion. In contrast, when brief pause...

In the ongoing debate about efficacy of visual working memory for more than three items, a consensus has emerged that precision declines as load increases from one to three. Many studies have reported seems be worse two items one. We argue appears less precise only because present observers with correspondence challenge does not arise when item is stored—the need relate observations their corresponding representations. experiments, we prevented errors in two-item trials by varying sample...

Fiona Macpherson (2012) argues that various experimental results provide strong evidence in favor of the cognitive penetration perceptual color experience. Moreover, she proposes a mechanism for how such occurs. We argue, first, on which relies do not grounds her claim penetrability; and, second, that, if reflect penetrability, then time-course considerations raise worries proposed mechanism. base our arguments part several own experiments, reported herein.

Humans recognize thousands of objects, and with relative tolerance to variable retinal inputs. The acquisition this ability is not fully understood, it remains an area in which artificial systems have yet surpass people. We sought investigate the memory process that supports object recognition. Specifically, we investigated association inputs co-occur over short periods time. tested hypothesis human perception exploits expectations about kinematics limit scope are likely same token as a...

Does perceptual consciousness require cognitive access? Ned Block argues it does not. Central to his case are visual memory experiments that employ post-stimulus cueing—in particular, Sperling’s classic partial report studies, change-detection work by Lamme and colleagues, a recent paper Bronfman colleagues exploits our perception of ‘gist’ properties. We argue contra these do not support claim. Our reinterpretations differ from previous critics’ in challenging as well longstanding common...

In addition to identifying individual objects in the world, visual system must also characterize relationships between objects, for instance when occlude one another or cause move. Here we explored relationship perceived causality and occlusion. Can perceive an occluded location? several experiments, observers judged whether a centrally presented event involved single object passing behind occluder, causally launching (out of view occluder). With no additional context, was typically as...

Visual tracking abilities are limited to only a few objects at time. When do errors arise? We hypothesized that some arise prior tracking; specifically, during the first moments of trial because an inability correctly perceive number targets in display. To test this hypothesis, we modified basic multiple object (MOT) task two ways: (1) distilled MOT into static working memory task, requiring participants remember and then identify among nontargets displays without motion; (2) unconstrained...

Visual working memory performance often declines when objects are tested in new positions from those they were observed. We report an asymmetry repositioning costs for orientation compared to colour (Experiment 1). Follow-up experiments demonstrated a similar line length shape 2). When different shades of the same category used, however, emerged as well 3). Finally, direct comparison experiment categorical colours, but task with no explicit demands 4). These results challenge previous...