The dynamics of the cerebral vascular response to blood pressure changes in hypertensive humans is poorly understood. Because flow dependent on adequate perfusion pressure, it important understand effect hypertension transfer cerebrovascular system elderly people. Therefore, we examined spontaneous and induced beat-to-beat within-beat three groups people: normotensive, controlled hypertensive, uncontrolled subjects. Cerebral velocity (transcranial Doppler), (Finapres), heart rate, end-tidal...

Many physicians are reluctant to lower blood pressure recommended levels in elderly hypertensive patients because of concern about producing cerebral hypoperfusion. Because hypertension is associated with potentially reversible structural and functional alterations the circulation that may improve treatment, we investigated whether long-term pharmacological reduction systolic will improve, rather than worsen, flow its regulation. Three groups subjects 65 years age or older were studied...

Standing postural control is complex, meaning that it dependent upon numerous inputs interacting across multiple temporal-spatial scales. Diminished physiologic complexity of sway has been linked to reduced ability adapt stressors. We hypothesized older adults with lower would experience more falls in the future. 738 aged ≥70 years completed Short Physical Performance Battery test (SPPB) and assessments single dual-task standing control. Postural was quantified using multiscale entropy....

To determine whether alterations in cerebral blood flow regulation are associated with slow gait speed and falls community-dwelling elderly individuals.The study sample consisted of 419 individuals from the MOBILIZE Boston Study (MBS) who had transcranial Doppler ultrasound measures velocity. The MBS is a prospective cohort unique set risk factors for seniors area. We measured beat-to-beat velocity middle artery response to 1) changes end-tidal CO(2) (cerebral vasoreactivity) 2) pressure...

Conflicting data on the relationship between antihypertensive medications and falls in elderly people may lead to inappropriate undertreatment of hypertension an effort prevent falls. We aimed clarify relationships chronic use different classes types falls, determine effect medication dose, assess whether risk is associated with differences cerebral blood flow. assessed demographics, clinical characteristics, 598 community-dwelling hypertension, aged 70 97 years, then followed them...

Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) is associated with hypertension, inflammation, and systemic endothelial dysfunction. We evaluated whether elevated plasma sVCAM-1 impaired cerebrovascular function mobility impairments in elderly people. studied the cross-sectional relationships between level, gait speed, hemodynamics, its longitudinal relationship falls 680 community-dwelling participants aged ≥65 years Maintenance of Balance, Independent Living, Intellect, Zest Elderly...

Background Falls may occur as unpredictable events or in patterns indicative of potentially modifiable risks and predictive adverse outcomes. Knowing the patterns, risks, outcomes falls trajectories help clinicians plan appropriate preventive measures. We hypothesized that clinically distinct progression, baseline predictors their coincident clinical could be identified. Methods studied 765 community-dwelling participants MOBILIZE Boston Study, who were aged 70 older followed prospectively...

Changes in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBF) response to a cognitive task (task-related ΔCBF) have been shown by Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) be reduced slow walkers. However, it is unknown whether task-related ΔCBF associated with neural activity specific brain regions, as measured blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We assessed the regional changes middle artery (MCA) an executive and walking speed 67 community-dwelling older...

Elevated plasma soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) is a presumed marker of endothelial dysfunction, both in the brain and systemic circulation. Impairments memory cognition have been associated with cardiovascular diseases, but little known about their relationships to abnormal cerebral function. We studied cross-sectional association between sVCAM-1 markers cerebrovascular hemodynamics cognitive function 680 community-dwelling participants MOBILIZE Boston Study, aged 65...

Peripheral sensory loss is considered one of many risk factors for gait impairments and falls in older adults, yet no prospective studies have examined changes touch sensation the foot over time their relationship to mobility falls. Therefore, we aimed determine prevalence progression peripheral deficits feet whether are associated with slowing development 5 years. Using baseline, 18 60 month followup data from Maintenance Of Balance, Independent Living, Intellect, Zest Elderly (MOBILIZE)...

Objectives To determine the concordance between falls recorded using an investigational fall detection device and reported by nursing staff in a home. Design Six‐month prospective study. Setting Hebrew SeniorLife home units Boston, Massachusetts. Participants Nursing residents with documented history of at least one within 12 months before consent (N = 62, mean age 86.2 ± 8.1, 66% female). Intervention Subjects continuously wore automated on pendant around their neck. The contained triaxial...

Abstract Background In older adults, compromised white matter tract integrity within the brain has been linked to impairments in mobility. We contend that poorer disrupts mobility by altering processing of sensorimotor and cognitive attentional resources neural networks. The richness information a given network can be quantified calculating complexity resting-state functional MRI time series. hypothesized (i) adults with lower complexity, specifically sensorimotor, executive, attention...

While walking was once thought to be a highly automated process, it requires higher-level cognition with older age. Like other cognitive tasks, also becomes further challenged increased load (e.g., the addition of an unrelated dual task) and often results in poorer performance slower speed). It is not well known, however, how intrinsic neural network communication relates speed, nor this "cost" gait performance; i.e., "dual-task cost". The current study investigates relationship between...

BACKGROUND: Care team members may have different views on end-of-life care, which influence perceptions of that care. METHODS: Twenty-seven consecutive deaths at a long-term care facility were identified. A structured interview primary (physician, nurse, and aide) was administered. The asked comparable questions to each group Likert scale (1 = least satisfied; 4 most satisfied) regarding the resident's experience in last 3 days life. Areas assessed pain, comfort, emotional support, adequacy...

Several previous studies have demonstrated sex differences in cardiovascular autonomic control healthy young women, but little is known about the regulation of blood pressure hypertensive elderly who greatest risk adverse events. Therefore, we examined physiological responses to upright tilt 21 (13 men and 8 women), 22 controlled (10 12 18 uncontrolled (9 9 women) women. Of these, 19 normotensives, hypertensives, 14 hypertensives completed 6 months observation or pharmacological therapy for...

Abstract Background The hemodynamics of prefrontal cortex (PFC) oxygenation are regulated by numerous processes operating over multiple temporal scales, producing complex patterns in its output fluctuations. Age may alter this multiscale regulation PFC oxygenation, leading to diminished physiologic complexity important regulatory process. We aimed characterize the effects age on such and relationship performance an executive n-back task. Methods Twenty-four younger (aged 28 ± 3 years) 27...

Aging is associated with diminished baroreflex sensitivity (gain), which predisposes elderly people to orthostatic hypotension, syncope, and cardiovascular morbidity. also systolic blood pressure (SBP) elevation carotid artery stiffness, may both affect gain.We examined the relation between SBP, gain in 34 healthy (71 +/- 4 years) 10 young (31 3 subjects. SBP (Finapres) stiffness (ultrasound measures of relative diameter changes during each pulse) were measured. The transfer function...

Abstract Background Walking, especially while dual-tasking, requires functional activation of cognitive brain regions and their connected neural networks. This study examined the relationship between neurovascular coupling (NVC), as measured by change in cerebral blood flow response to performing a executive task, dual-task walking performance. Methods Seventy community-dwelling older adults aged 84 ± 5 years within Maintenance Balance, Independent Living, Intellect Zest Elderly (MOBILIZE)...

older adults.Many adults believed falling was not preventable because it a part of the normal aging process, while others that "falls only happen to others".Fall prevention programs were misinterpreted as activity restriction.Older adults' past experiences falls and their agerelated physical changes associated with interpretations risks for confidence in preventing falls.The frailty trajectory seems be promising early fall interventions make them more effective by: 1) maximizing functioning...

Background We recently reported that individuals with impaired plantar sensation and high fall risk due to sensory peripheral neuropathy (PN) improved gait balance function following 10 weeks of use Walkasins ® , a wearable lower limb prosthesis provides directional specific mechanical tactile stimuli related pressure measurements during standing walking (RxFunction Inc., Eden Prairie, MN, United States). Here, we report 26-week outcomes compare pre- in-study rates. expected improvements in...