Hepatitis C virus (HCV) poses a global health threat, often transmitted intra-familial. This study aims to assess HCV transmission within Pakistani households and identify associated risk factors. To analyze 125 household subjects for infection prevalence, demographics, genotypes, We conducted comprehensive analysis of determine prevalence. Demographics, factors were carefully examined through rigorous data collection statistical analysis. Of the surveyed, 57 tested positive HCV, indicating...

Randomly assigning sixteen healthy mongrel dogs (4-6 months old) to one of four groups—"control," "diabetic one," two," or three" they were all given intramuscular injections ketamine and xylazine put them sleep. Injecting 120 mg/kg alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally (quarter, half, full doses, respectively) caused diabetes mellitus in the diabetic group. Each animal had left-sided sciatic nerve induction damage prior experiment. For eleventh-two days, canines monitored using clinical...

Abstract This study introduces a highly sensitive trapezium-shaped PCF based on an SPR refractometric sensor with unique design features. The structure of was designed and analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics v5.6 Finite Element Method (FEM) focus investigating the influence various geometric parameters its performance. two channels were coated metallic gold layer to provide chemical stability, thin TiO₂ improved gold's adhesion fiber. findings indicate that proposed achieves maximum amplitude...

Abstract Background: Melatonin has been shown to directly affect metabolism and body weight management, in addition its established involvement circadian rhythm. Objectives: We aimed investigate the relationship between serum melatonin adult BMI, insulin, lipid profile (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density (LDL), TG). Materials Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 150 individuals (78 females 72 males) aged 18–60 were recruited. Samples collected at Imam al-Sadiq...

Salmonella typhi is a type of bacteria that can cause typhoid fever, severe infection primarily affects people in developing countries. It significant public health concern. An antibiogram test was conducted by the Department Medicine at MTI, LRH Peshawar, to antibiotic susceptibility samples tested positive for culture from January 2023 July 2023. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method used evaluate isolates on Mueller-Hinton agar. IBM SPSS version 22 analyze all data. In total, 90...

Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is a recognised and potentially significant complication arising from the surgical removal of thyroid gland. The study's main objective to find prevalence pathophysiology post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. This prospective observational study was conducted in Civil Hospital Quetta June 2021 July 2022. A total 162 patients undergoing thyroidectomy for various indications, including cancer, hyperthyroidism, goiter, were enrolled study. Before surgery, baseline...

Dapagliflozin has shown promise in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but its effects patients and without diabetes remain unclear. Objective: This study aimed to assess dapagliflozin HFrEF patients, both diabetes. Methods: From January July 2023, a six-month case-control was conducted cardiology department Tertiary Care Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan. All received an additional dose (10 mg) alongside their usual plans. The primary outcome composite...

The role of the dairy industry is significant in agricultural sector since it supplies much-required goods to global food industry. Objectives: main objective study find surgical interventions treat infertility ruminant’s specifically animals. Methodology study: This retrospective design was conducted at farms vicinity district Lahore from March 2023 2024. 240 cows and heifers were selected based on criterion. These animals presented for diagnosis by a veterinarian with clinical signs,...

This review article explores phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)’s role in head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) through comprehensive expression methylation examinations, genetic mutation investigation, prognostic evaluation. Using the UALCAN informational collection, PTEN examination uncovered a critical over-expression HNSCC cells isolated from normal control samples, proposing its multiplication. Further, analysis of across various clinical limits has shown up-regulation different...

Prostate cancer is characterized by diverse genetic mutations that influence disease progression and treatment response. This study was launched to explore the basis of prostate patients.

Enzymes, as biocatalysts, have extensive industrial applications. Protease enzymes, in particular, are widely used industries such leather, detergents, food, pharmaceuticals, and diagnostics. Alkaline proteases, which require a neutral to alkaline pH for activity, notably sourced from plants. Objective: This study aimed isolate partially purify protease enzymes the leaves of Wisteria sinensis Chloris barbata, characterize their enzymatic properties, particularly caseinolytic activity...

Prostate cancer, a significant public health concern, exhibits complex genetic landscape influenced by variety of susceptibility genes. This study deciphers the intricate makeup prostate cancer examining mutations in 14 The Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) approach was employed on cohort 45 patients to detect mutations. gnomAD database used analyze mutational frequencies Asian population suffering from cancer. cBioPortal check presence observed Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. In...

This study analyzes Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) expression heterogeneity, and biological clinical relevance in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). The utilized various tools including UALCAN, GEPIA2, Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter, cBioPortal, STRING, DAVID, TIMER 2.0 to conduct this analysis. results illustrated overexpression of KRAS STAD the analysis based on clinicopathological parameters also verified STAD. Eventually, was linked poor overall survival (OS) patients. These suggested...

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of Doppler Ultrasound in detecting malignant palpable thyroid nodules. A Cross-sectional, descriptive was conducted Department Radiology, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Multan, from January 2022 December 2022. total 196 patients with nodules were included study. ultrasound performed on all patients. Samples sent for histopathology same laboratory whose pathologist blinded results. On histopathology, 37 (18.9%) showed malignancy, 159 (81.1%) no...

This comprehensive meta-analysis evaluates the comparative effectiveness of short-segment pedicle screw fixation (SSF) and long-segment (LSF) in treating thoracolumbar burst fractures. Our study examines various outcomes, including fusion rates, pain relief, functional recovery, complication rates. Data from studies conducted between January 2018 2022 were reviewed, involving a collective patient cohort 100 individuals diagnosed with We an extensive review literature, six investigations,...

This study aimed to examine general practitioners' knowledge, practices, and attitudes regarding irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The was designed as a cross-sectional conducted at the Department of Medicine MTI, LRH Hospital Peshawar, between February 2021 August 2021. A total 200 practitioners working in various clinics hospitals were included study. Gastroenterologists medical experts excluded. Non-probability convenient sampling used select participants. After obtaining their consent,...

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has become increasingly common globally, raising serious concerns for public health. NAFLD is a complex and multifaceted disease that includes range of liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), simple hepatic steatosis. A combination environmental, metabolic, genetic factors causes it. Recent data suggests vitamin D, fat-soluble with various physiological roles, may be crucial health the development NAFLD. This...

Previous studies have indicated that induction chemotherapy can limit the possibility of early lesion eradication and lessen severity globally advanced tumors. This study aimed to ascertain if cyclin D1 expression in OSCC patients who were qualified for TPF might be regarded as a valid prognostic indicator long-term outcomes. determine whether or not there was connection between cell intervention production chemosensitivity medicines through apoptotic mechanism. The current work used...

The SHR/N-cp rat is a genetic model that exhibits both type 2 diabetes mellitus and spontaneous hypertension. To determine the impact of long-term treatment with benazepril amlodipine on hypertension diabetic state in this model, we measured systolic blood pressure (BP), glucose lipid parameters, renal function, heart size male obese rats. Obese rats were fed similar diet containing 54% carbohydrate 36% starch 18% sucrose. After 3-4 weeks diet, randomly assigned to 4 groups: Group A =...