Selection of recycling approaches is one the remaining issues in life cycle assessment (LCA) and a critical factor for materials selection based on LCA. While several allocation methods have been proposed, impact effect determined by different has yet to be addressed. In this study, we demonstrate First, appropriateness avoided burden approach purpose addressed practical equations three typical are waste mining, end-of-life recycling, 50-50 methods. Next, material flow analysis used justify...

The battery electric vehicle (BEV) industry, commanding over half of the global market share in China, has garnered significant attention response to escalating concerns about climate change. NCM (LiNixCoyMnzO2) batteries, prized for their high energy density, are pivotal this industry. However, production relies on critical metals, posing environmental challenges. Recycling processes aim address issue by recovering metals from end-of-life batteries. industry is updating 111 811 batteries...

Raw rubber production is the foundation of natural product industry. Despite various social issues (e.g., substandard working conditions) reported in raw production, literature focusing on impacts has been limited. Although life cycle assessment (SLCA) a popular tool to assess or process, no any functional unit so far developed here due difficulty linking intangible physical flows. Furthermore, methodologies available SLCA are insufficient for foreseeing benefits after addressing hotspots...

Natural rubber, a renewable material with unique properties, is crucial for various products on the modern market. Crepe versatile form of natural widely used in numerous applications, including footwear soles, medical devices, automotive parts, adhesives, sports equipment, industrial components, musical instruments, and recreational products. Sri Lanka holds prominent position as leading producer premium-quality crepe rubber but faces environmental challenges its production process. Since...

Raw rubber production is the sole foundation for product industry, rendering raw to manufacture essential commodities mankind, such as tires, condoms, surgical gloves, and so forth. involves various stakeholders; however, literature focusing on social impacts of supply chains has hereto been absent. Social life cycle assessment, a popular tool assess or process was deployed herein profiles three Sri Lankan (crepe rubber, concentrated latex, ribbed smoked sheets) in cradle-to-gate manner. The...

Raw rubber production is the sole foundation for product industry, rendering raw to manufacture essential commodities mankind such as tires, condoms, surgical gloves, and so forth. involves various stakeholders; however, literature focusing on social impacts of its supply chain has hereto been limited. Social life cycle assessment, a popular tool assess or process was deployed herein profiles three Sri Lankan chains (crepe rubber, concentrated latex, ribbed smoked sheets). The Hotspots...

Sri Lanka is a top producer of premium quality concentrated latex (CL), which becomes base material for dipped rubber products such as gloves and condoms. The processing CL resource-intensive, requiring significant amounts energy, fuel, water, chemicals. This process leads to various environmental issues wastewater pollution, malodor, greenhouse gas emissions. Several life cycle assessments (LCA) have been conducted at international local levels address the aforesaid issues. However, LCAs...

Sri Lanka has been renowned for its top quality natural rubber products. Among the locally manufactured raw types, ribbed smoked sheets (RSS) hold a significant position as it entails ca. 50% of total production in island. With no sufficient information on effectiveness use materials and finance then environmental impacts RSS manufacture, this study aimed at assessing manufacturing process adopting Material flow analysis, cost accounting Life cycle assessment three factories view providing...

Light weighting by material substitution is a key to reducing GHG emissions during vehicle operation. The benefits are salient factor in selecting lightweight materials for vehicles. Although the literature has performed selections using under product- and fleet-based life-cycle inventory (LCI) analyses, recycling effects have therein been accounted arbitrarily allocation methods recycling, as consensus on their selection absent. Furthermore, studies mistreated temporal variations of LCI...

Sri Lanka is a top producer of premium quality concentrated latex (CL), which becomes base material for dipped rubber products such as gloves and condoms. The processing CL resource-intensive, requiring significant amounts energy, fuel, water, chemicals. This process leads to various environmental issues wastewater pollution, malodor, greenhouse gas emissions. Several life cycle assessments (ELCA) have been conducted at international local levels address the aforesaid issues. However, ELCAs...

Natural rubber, a renewable material with unique properties, is crucial for various products on the modern market. Crepe versatile form of natural widely used in numerous applications, including footwear soles, medical devices, automotive parts, adhesives, sports equipment, industrial components, musical instruments, and recreational products. Sri Lanka holds prominent position as leading producer premium-quality crepe rubber but faces environmental challenges its production process. Since...

Natural rubber (NR) processing industry plays a critical role in the economies of many developing countries where exports have been one major foreign exchange earners. At present, growth NR has challenged by low productivity, rising cost production and environmental issues (large volumes wastewater, greenhouse gas emissions, etc.) occurred due to its material energy intensive nature. In order face these challenges, adapting sustainable manufacturing measures which address use less energy,...

Based on a case study in Sri Lankan crepe rubber mill, this performs comprehensive sustainability assessment to uncover the underlying potential of improving performance NR processing sector. This consists three steps: 1. quantification mill`s resource use, economic loss, greenhouse gas emissions, and impact workers using material flow analysis (MFA), cost accounting (MFCA), environmental life cycle (ELCA), social (SLCA). 2. Selection proposal improvement options with help Pareto What-if...