Physical inactivity leads to higher morbidity and mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as stroke heart disease. In high income countries, studies have measured the population level of physical activity, but comparable data are lacking most low middle-income countries.To assess its associated factors in selected rural sites five Asian countries.The multi-site cross-sectional study was conducted nine Health Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) within INDEPTH Network...

The major chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) operate through a cluster of common risk factors, whose presence or absence determines not only the occurrence and severity disease, but also informs treatment approaches. Primary prevention based on mitigation these factors population-based programmes is most cost-effective approach to contain emerging epidemic NCDs.This study was conducted explore extent clustering for NCDs its determinants in nine INDEPTH Health Demographic Surveillance...

BackgroundAlcohol abuse, together with tobacco use, is a major determinant of health and social well-being, one the most important 26 risk factors comparatively assessed in low middle income countries, surpassed only by high blood pressure tobacco.ObjectivesThe alcohol consumption patterns associations between socio-demographic cultural have been investigated nine rural demographic surveillance sites (HDSS) located five Asian countries.MethodsThe information was collected from multiple study...

Maize production in Pakistan faces numerous challenges that hinder large-scale cultivation as well production. These are primarily biotic, includes weeds, nematodes, disease pathogens, and pests (both vertebrate invertebrate). Furthermore, there a number of abiotic obstacles, including soil-related problems, unfavorable weather, nutritional deficits, agronomic, logistical, societal limitations. Given the growing global population, many whom rely on maize staple food, its industrial uses,...

Organizational commitment among nurses is a critical determinant of healthcare quality, staff retention, and job satisfaction. In settings with limited resources, such as in Pakistan, evaluating organizational helps address challenges workforce sustainability care standards. Objective: To assess the level commitment, including affective, continuance, normative working at Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted Hospital involving 133...

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant public health concern, especially in high-burden countries like Pakistan. Diagnosis becomes particularly challenging sputum-negative patients, leading to delayed treatment and increased transmission. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has emerged as potential diagnostic tool such cases. Objective: To determine the yield of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) bronchoalveolar pulmonary patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted Department...

Sexually transmitted disease (STD) in rural Bangladesh is currently a topic of great concern. To date, little information available the literature regarding its prevalence. It now known, however, that current level STD awareness among population with regard to modes transmission and means prevention inadequate. In 1994, MCH-FP Extension Project (Rural) ICDDR, B surveyed 8674 married women reproductive age (MWRA) 4 thanas examine their STDs. The association between sociodemographic...

Introduction: High blood pressure (BP) is a well-known major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and leading contributor to mortality morbidity worldwide. Reliable population-based BP data from low–middle income countries are sparse.Objective: This paper reports distributions among adults in nine rural populations five Asian examines the association between high associated factors, including gender, age, education, body mass index.Methods: A multi-site cross-sectional study of...

BackgroundChronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability worldwide. More than 80% chronic disease deaths occur in low-income middle-income countries. Epidemiological data on burden NCD risk factors which predict them lacking most The INDEPTH Network (http://www.indepth-network.org) includes Health Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) with many surveillance sites low-middle income countries provided an opportunity to establish major...

The study objective was to ascertain the extent which need for primary health care services among street-dwellers is being met through existing facilities.

During this study, the dried powder of Angoumois grain moth ( Sitotroga cerealella ) (AGM) was used as an excellent source protein to produce nutritional biscuits. Physical, chemical, rheological and microbiological characteristics biscuits with optimum AGM percentage (5%) were evaluated compared control. The response surface methodology (RSM) optimal (custom) design first employed for optimizing in selected 5% a quadratic model found yield best fit. evaluation parameters (ash, protein,...

This study was to determine risk assessment associated with bed bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cimicidae) using participatory epidemiological tools in the selected public hospitals of district Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Bed were collected and morphologically identified through a standard taxonomic key. A descriptive cross-sectional survey patients pre-designed questionnaire containing open-ended closed-ended questions conducted for six months between January 2023 June 2023. Of 384...

Asthma is a serious global health issue, contributing to premature deaths and reduced quality of life. This study examines trends in the incidence, prevalence, mortality asthma US globally from 1990 2019. Data Global Burden Disease database were used calculate age-standardized incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), (ASMR) rates per 100,000 individuals, stratified by gender. Joinpoint regression analysis determined annual percent changes (APCs), average percentage (AAPCs) calculated as weighted...

Background: Preterm birth is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, while antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) are widely used to enhance fetal lung maturity, the optimal timing their administration remains uncertain in low-resource settings. Objective: To assess impact corticosteroid-to-delivery intervals on outcomes—specifically respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), mortality—among...

Overweight/obesity increases the risk of morbidity and mortality from a number chronic conditions, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes some cancers. This study examined distribution body mass index (BMI) in nine Health Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) sites five Asian countries investigated association between social factors overweight.This cross-sectional was conducted HDSS Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Thailand Vietnam. The methodology WHO STEPwise approach to with core (Step...

Infective Endocarditis (IE) has become a significant cause of morbidity and mortality over the last two decades. Despite management advancements, trends in USA's geriatric population are unexplored. The aim this study was to assess regional differences IE related among patients USA. We analyzed death certificates sourced from CDC WONDER database spanning 1999 2020. research targeted individuals aged 65 older. Age-adjusted rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 annual percent change (APC), along with 95%...

Tobacco use is the most preventable cause of premature death and disability. Even though tobacco common in many Asian countries, reliable comparable data on burden imposed by this region are sparse, surveillance systems to track trends their infancy.To assess compare prevalence its associated factors nine selected rural sites five countries.Tobacco among 9,208 men 9,221 women aged 25-64 years Health Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) countries INDEPTH Network were examined 2005 as part a...