A5044681692- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Colorectal and Anal Carcinomas
- Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Cancer-related gene regulation
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry
Baylor School
2024
University of California, San Francisco
2009-2022
Although Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an orally transmitted virus, viral transmission through the oropharyngeal mucosal epithelium not well understood. In this study, we investigated how EBV traverses polarized human oral epithelial cells without causing productive infection. We found that may be transcytosed bidirectionally, from both apical to basolateral membranes and membranes. Apical transcytosis was substantially reduced by amiloride, inhibitor of macropinocytosis. Electron microscopy...
ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes hairy leukoplakia (HL), a benign lesion of oral epithelium that occurs primarily in the setting human immunodeficiency (HIV)-associated immunodeficiency. However, mechanisms EBV infection are poorly understood. Analysis HL tissues shows small number EBV-positive intraepithelial macrophages and dendritic/Langerhans cells. To investigate role for these cells spreading to epithelial cells, we used tongue buccal explants infected ex vivo with EBV. We...
ABSTRACT While human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission through the adult oral route is rare, mother-to-child (MTCT) neonatal/infant and/or gastrointestinal common. To study mechanisms of cell-free and cell-associated HIV across oral/intestinal epithelia, we established ex vivo organ tissue model systems fetal origin. Given similarity neonatal epithelia with respect to epithelial stratification density HIV-susceptible immune cells, used epithelium as a for epithelium. We found that...
Recently, we showed that HIV-1 is sequestered, i.e., trapped, in the intracellular vesicles of oral and genital epithelial cells. Here, investigated mechanisms sequestration polarized tonsil, foreskin cervical internalization into cells initiated by multiple entry pathways, including clathrin-, caveolin/lipid raft-associated endocytosis macropinocytosis. Inhibition attachment to galactosylceramide heparan sulfate proteoglycans, virus macropinocytosis reduced 30-40%. T-cell immunoglobulin...
The human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E7 is a major viral oncoprotein that phosphorylated by casein kinase II (CKII). Two S100 family calcium-binding proteins, macrophage inhibitory-related factor protein 8 (MRP-8) and MRP-14, form complex, MRP-8/14, inactivates CKII. MRP-8/14 complex may inhibit CKII-mediated phosphorylation therefore alter its interaction with cellular ligands reduce oncogenic activity. We examined the inhibitory effect of on CKII activity HPV16 phosphorylation. have...
Oropharyngeal mucosal epithelia of fetuses/neonates/infants and the genital adults play a critical role in HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission sexual virus, respectively. To study mechanisms through epithelium, we established polarized tonsil, cervical foreskin epithelial cells. Analysis cells showed that approximately 0.05% initially inoculated virions transmigrated via epithelium. More than 90% internalized were sequestered endosomes cells, including multivesicular bodies (MVBs) vacuoles....
The oral, cervical, and genital mucosa, covered by stratified squamous epithelia with polarized organization strong tight adherens junctions, play a critical role in preventing transmission of viral pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-1 interaction mucosal epithelial cells may depolarize disrupt their junctions; however, the molecular mechanism HIV-induced disruption has not been completely understood. We showed that prolonged cell-free virions, envelope...
We created the first human papillomavirus (HPV)-16-immortalized anal epithelial cell line, known as AKC2 cells to establish an in vitro model of HPV-16-induced carcinogenesis. Consistent with detection E6, E7 and E5 expression cancer biopsies, expressed high levels all three HPV oncogenes. Also, similar findings epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was overexpressed cells. exhibited a poorly differentiated invasive phenotype three-dimensional raft culture inhibition EGFR function...
The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated anogenital and oropharyngeal cancer in immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals is substantially higher than HIV-uninfected individuals. HIV may also be a risk factor for the development HPV-negative head neck, liver, lung, kidney cancer. However, molecular mechanisms underlying HIV-1-associated increase epithelial malignancies are not fully understood. Here, we showed that HPV-16-immortalized anal AKC-2 cervical CaSki cells...
males undergo sex-specific tail tip morphogenesis (TTM) under the control of transcription factor DMD-3. To find genes regulated by DMD-3, We performed RNA-seq laser-dissected tips. identified 564 differentially expressed (DE) in wild-type vs.
Most HIV-1 and HCMV MTCT occurs in infancy, the cotransmission of these viruses may occur via infant oropharyngeal tonsil epithelia, which are first biological barriers for viral pathogens. We have shown that disrupt epithelial junctions, reducing barrier functions epithelia thus allowing paracellular penetration both mucosal epithelia.
Background The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated epithelial lesions in HIV-infected individuals is substantially higher than HIV-negative individuals. HIV may increase the risk mucosal HPV infection by induction an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype that leads to reduced barrier functions. Methods: To model effect EMT on entry, we used oral biopsies, and anal keratinocytes from HIV-uninfected was defined as loss adherens tight junctions, vimentin expression....
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 may occur during pregnancy, labor, and breastfeeding; however, the molecular mechanism MTCT virus remains poorly understood. Infant tonsil mucosal epithelium sequester HIV-1, serving as a transient reservoir, play critical role in MTCT. Innate immune proteins human beta-defensins 2 (hBD-2) -3 inactivate intravesicular virions. To establish delivery hBD-2 into vesicles containing we tagged hBDs with protein transduction domain (PTD) Tat, which...
Caenorhabditis elegans males undergo sex-specific tail tip morphogenesis (TTM) under the control of DM-domain transcription factor DMD-3. To find genes regulated by DMD-3, we performed RNA-seq laser-dissected tips. We identified 564 differentially expressed (DE) in wild-type versus dmd-3(-) and hermaphrodites. The profile tips is similar to that For validation, analyzed transcriptional reporters for 49 found male-specific or male-biased expression 26 genes. Only 11 DE overlapped with a...