Outcomes of Mechanical Thrombectomy for Patients With Stroke Presenting With Low Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score in the Early and Extended Window

• DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.37708
• Publication Date: 2021-12-08T16:01:38Z
• Authors: Eyad Almallouhi; Sami Al Kasab; Zachary Hubbard; Eric C. Bass; Guilherme Porto; Ali Alawieh; Reda Chalhoub; Pascal M. Jabbour; Robert M. Starke; Stacey Q. Wolfe; Adam S. Arthur; Edgar Samaniego; Ilko Maier; Brian M. Howard; Ansaar Rai; Min S. Park; Justin Mascitelli; Marios Psychogios; Reade De Leacy; Travis Dumont; Michael R. Levitt; Adam Polifka; Joshua Osbun; Roberto Crosa; Joon-Tae Kim; Walter Casagrande; Shinichi Yoshimura; Charles Matouk; Peter T Kan; Richard W Williamson; Benjamin Gory; Maxim Mokin; Isabel Fragata; Osama Zaidat; Albert J. Yoo; Alejandro M. Spiotta; ; Dileep R. Yavagal; Eric C. Peterson; J Mocco; Johanna T. Fifi; Christopher P. Ke...; Mohammad El-Ghanem; Kyle M. Fargen; Patrick A. Brown; Stavropoula I. Tj...; M. Reid Gooch; Nabeel A. Herial; Brian L. Hoh; Nohra Chalouhi; Nitin Goyal; Daniel A. Hoit; Fernanda Rodrigue...; Jan Liman; Kaustubh S. Limaye; Edgar A. Samaniego; Charles M. Cawley; Gustavo Pradilla; Brian M. Howard; Waldo R. Guerrero; João C. Reis; Russell Cerejo; Alex Brehm
• Keywords: Male; Asia; 610; Risk Assessment; Brain Ischemia; Cohort Studies; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; 616; Medicine and Health Sciences; Humans; Original Investigation; Aged; Retrospective Studies; Thrombectomy; Aged, 80 and over; Solitaire; Blood Clot Lysis; Middle Aged; United States; Europe; Stroke; Treatment Outcome; Neurology; Thrombus Aspiration; Surgery; Female; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Carotid Artery, Internal

Limited data are available about the outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for real-world patients with stroke presenting with a large core infarct.To investigate the safety and effectiveness of MT for patients with large vessel occlusion and an Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) of 2 to 5.This retrospective cohort study used data from the Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR), which combines the prospectively maintained databases of 28 thrombectomy-capable stroke centers in the US, Europe, and Asia. The study included 2345 patients presenting with an occlusion in the internal carotid artery or M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020. Patients were followed up for 90 days after intervention. The ASPECTS is a 10-point scoring system based on the extent of early ischemic changes on the baseline noncontrasted computed tomography scan, with a score of 10 indicating normal and a score of 0 indicating ischemic changes in all of the regions included in the score.All patients underwent MT in one of the included centers.A multivariable regression model was used to assess factors associated with a favorable 90-day outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2), including interaction terms between an ASPECTS of 2 to 5 and receiving MT in the extended window (6-24 hours from symptom onset).A total of 2345 patients who underwent MT were included (1175 women [50.1%]; median age, 72 years [IQR, 60-80 years]; 2132 patients [90.9%] had an ASPECTS of ≥6, and 213 patients [9.1%] had an ASPECTS of 2-5). At 90 days, 47 of the 213 patients (22.1%) with an ASPECTS of 2 to 5 had a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2 (25.6% [45 of 176] of patients who underwent successful recanalization [modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Ischemia score ≥2B] vs 5.4% [2 of 37] of patients who underwent unsuccessful recanalization; P = .007). Having a low ASPECTS (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.85; P = .002) and presenting in the extended window (odds ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55-0.88; P = .001) were associated with worse 90-day outcome after controlling for potential confounders, without significant interaction between these 2 factors (P = .64).In this cohort study, more than 1 in 5 patients presenting with an ASPECTS of 2 to 5 achieved 90-day functional independence after MT. A favorable outcome was nearly 5 times more likely for patients with low ASPECTS who had successful recanalization. The association of a low ASPECTS with 90-day outcomes did not differ for patients presenting in the early vs extended MT window.