Prevalence of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages by Social Determinants of Health

• DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.45309
• Publication Date: 2024-11-18T16:32:39Z
• Authors: Ruixin Zhu; Ran Wang; Jingjing He; Langrun Wang; Huiyu Chen; Xiaokang Niu; You Sun; Yiran Guan; Yifan Gong; Liwei Zhang; Peng An; Keji Li; Fazheng Ren; Weili Xu; Jie Guo
• Keywords: Marital status; Cross-sectional study

Importance Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome—a novel, multistage, multisystem disorder as defined by the American Heart Association—is highly prevalent in US. However, prevalence of CKM stages social determinants health (SDOH) remains unclear. Objective To investigate whether varies SDOH US adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) included a nationally representative sample adults aged 30 to 79 years through complex, multistage probability sampling. Data were analyzed April 1 June 15, 2024. Exposures The exposures 5 (ie, 0-4) reflecting progressive pathophysiology, with advanced (stages 3 or 4) nonadvanced 0, 1, 2) disease. based on risk factors for metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney Main Outcome Measures main outcome was age-standardized across SDOH, including education, marital status, family income, food security, insurance, employment, home ownership, care access. Results Among 29 722 participants (weighted mean [SE] age, 50.8 [0.1] years; weighted 50.7% male), 0 4 13.6% (95% CI, 13.0%-14.3%), 29.9% 29.1%-30.7%), 43.7% 42.9%-44.5%), 4.7% 4.4%-5.0%), 8.1% 7.6%-8.5%), respectively. Significant differences observed all unfavorable interest compared their favorable counterparts, unemployment (18.8% [95% 17.7%-20.1%] vs 11.4% 11.0%-11.9%]), low income (16.1% 15.4%-16.8%] 10.1% 9.5%-10.7%]), insecurity (18.3% 17.1%-19.6%] 11.7% 11.2%-12.2%]) associated an increased likelihood stages. 2 more likely have (age-standardized prevalence, 15.8% 15.2%-16.5%] 10.5% 9.9%-11.1%] <2 SDOH). Living rented (15.9% 14.7%-17.0%] 9.3% 8.7%-9.9%] owning home) not living partner (13.2% 12.3%-14.3%] 9.2% 8.5%-9.8%] partner) female but male participants. Conclusions Relevance In this study, disparities particularly notable sex differences, These findings highlight need address inequities syndrome targeted interventions.