Neural Markers of Resilience in Adolescent Females at Familial Risk for Major Depressive Disorder

• DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.4516
• Publication Date: 2018-03-21T16:31:31Z
• Authors: Adina S. Fischer; M. Catalina Camacho; Tiffany C. Ho; Susan Whitfield-G...; Ian H. Gotlib
• Keywords: Orbitofrontal cortex; Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

<h3>Importance</h3> Adolescence is a neurodevelopmental period during which experience-dependent plasticity in brain circuitry may confer vulnerability to depression as well resilience disorder. Little known, however, about the neural mechanisms that underlie this critical of development. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine functional connectivity correlates adolescent females at high and low familial risk for who did not develop <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> A longitudinal study was conducted Stanford University from October 1, 2003, January 31, 2017. Sixty-five female adolescents participated study: 20 whom (resilient), developed (converted), 25 with no history psychopathology (control). <h3>Main Outcomes Measures</h3> We compared between resilient converted, control, using voxelwise 2-sided<i>t</i>tests markers main outcomes interest. Specifically, we assessed differences limbic (amygdala seed), salience (anterior insula executive control (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seed) networks, implicated emotion regulation. also examined association life events. <h3>Results</h3> Of 65 participants (mean [SD] age, 18.9 [2.5] years), group had greater amygdala orbitofrontal (<i>z</i>score = 0.23;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) dorsolateral frontotemporal regions 0.24;<i>P</i> than converted females. In only, strength amygdala-orbitofrontal correlated positive events (<i>r</i>₁₈ 0.48;<i>P</i> .03). Resilient within frontal 0.07;<i>P</i> 0.21;<i>P</i> networks individuals. Both high-risk groups network connectivity: intranetwork 0.13;<i>P</i> 0.10;<i>P</i> groups, superior gyrus <h3>Conclusions Relevance</h3> have compensatory patterns regulatory correlate events, suggesting these depression. Further studies are warranted concerning connectivity-associated targets promoting