Molecular Design of Competitive Solvation Electrolytes for Practical High‐Energy and Long‐Cycling Lithium‐Metal Batteries

• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202312413
• Publication Date: 2023-12-21T22:15:50Z
• Authors: Guangzhao Zhang; Jiawei Li; Shang‐Sen Chi; Jun Wang; Qingrong Wang; Ruohong Ke; Zhongbo Liu; Hui Wang; Chaoyang Wang; Jian Chang; Yonghong Deng; Jun Lu
• Keywords: 01 natural sciences; 0104 chemical sciences

Abstract Electrolytes with high stability against both Li anode and high‐voltage cathode are critical for high‐energy long‐cycling lithium metal batteries (LMBs). However, the free active solvents in common electrolytes susceptible to decomposition at cathode. Although recently developed locally high‐concentration (LHCEs) have largely restricted via + coordination, molecules still released upon desolvation of surface electrodes, causing continuous during processes. Here, a molecule competitive solvation electrolyte (MCE) is shown stabilize LMBs by introducing well‐designed newly synthetic bipolar solvent one ion‐dissociative polar head other highly fluorinated nonpolar tail. The competitively dissociate weak coordination interactions, drastically reducing ratio detrimental electrodes Consequently, MCE enables 1.4‐Ah pouch cell stack energy density 450 Wh kg −1 along exceptional operation over 400 cycles (retention: 81%). Furthermore, also maintains stable 2.5‐Ah Li‐S an excellent 417 70 under practical conditions.