Nanomaterials for Neural Interfaces

• DOI: 10.1002/adma.200801984
• Publication Date: 2009-07-10T01:14:35Z
• Authors: Nicholas A. Kotov; Jessica O. Winter; Isaac P. Clements; Edward Jan; Brian P. Timko; Stéphane Campidelli; Smita Pathak; Andrea Mazzatenta; Charles M. Lieber; Maurizio Prato; Ravi V. Bellamkonda; Gabriel A. Silva; Nadine Wong Shi Kam; Fernando Patolsky; Laura Ballerini
• Keywords: Interfacing; Nanomaterials; Neural Prosthesis

Abstract This review focuses on the application of nanomaterials for neural interfacing. The junction between nanotechnology and tissues can be particularly worthy scientific attention several reasons: (i) Neural cells are electroactive, electronic properties nanostructures tailored to match charge transport requirements electrical cellular (ii) unique mechanical chemical critical integration with tissue as long‐term implants. (iii) Solutions many problems in biology/medicine limited by availability specialized materials. (iv) Neuronal stimulation is needed a variety common severe health problems. confluence need, accumulated expertise, potential impact well‐being people suggests revolutionize field In this review, we begin foundational topics, such current status electrode (NE) technology, key challenges facing practical utilization NEs, advantages components chronic After that detailed account toxicology biocompatibility respect given. Next, cover specific applications nanoengineered devices, including drug delivery, imaging, topographic patterning, design, nanoscale transistors high‐resolution interfacing, photoactivated interfaces. We also critically evaluate particular nanomaterials—including nanoparticles, nanowires, carbon nanotubes—that taken advantage neuroprosthetic devices. most promising future areas research device engineering discussed conclusion review.