The Fate of Water in Hydrogen‐Based Iron Oxide Reduction
0301 basic medicine
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
0303 health sciences
Science
Q
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
FOS: Physical sciences
hydrogen metal oxide reduction
7. Clean energy
620
03 medical and health sciences
atom probe tomography
13. Climate action
gas–solid reactions
green steel
Research Articles
DOI:
10.1002/advs.202300626
Publication Date:
2023-06-08T20:11:40Z
AUTHORS (5)
ABSTRACT
AbstractGas–solid reactions are important for many redox processes that underpin the energy and sustainability transition. The specific case of hydrogen‐based iron oxide reduction is the foundation to render the global steel industry fossil‐free, an essential target as iron production is the largest single industrial emitter of carbon dioxide. This perception of gas–solid reactions has not only been limited by the availability of state‐of‐the‐art techniques which can delve into the structure and chemistry of reacted solids, but one continues to miss an important reaction partner that defines the thermodynamics and kinetics of gas phase reactions: the gas molecules. In this investigation, cryogenic‐atom probe tomography is used to study the quasi in situ evolution of iron oxide in the solid and gas phases of the direct reduction of iron oxide by deuterium gas at 700°C. So far several unknown atomic‐scale characteristics are observed, including, D2 accumulation at the reaction interface; formation of a core (wüstite)‐shell (iron) structure; inbound diffusion of D through the iron layer and partitioning of D among phases and defects; outbound diffusion of oxygen through the wüstite and/or through the iron to the next free available inner/outer surface; and the internal formation of heavy nano‐water droplets at nano‐pores.
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