ApoE4 Status Moderates the Association between Vascular Risks, Cerebral Perfusion and Cognitive Performance in a Southeast Asian Population

• DOI: 10.1002/alz.092285
• Publication Date: 2025-01-09T12:12:27Z
• Authors: Smriti Ghildiyal; Ashwati Vipin; Gurveen Kaur Sandhu; See Ann Soo; Pricilia Tanoto; Fatin Zahra Zailan; Yi Jin Leow; Faith Phemie Hui ...; Shan Yao Liew; Isabelle Yu Zhen Tan; Mohammed Adnan Azam; Dilip Kumar; Chao Dang; James Xiao Yuan Chen; Nagaendran Kandiah
• Keywords: Association (psychology)

Abstract Background Factors contributing to cognitive decline in adults include vascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes), lower education, age, Apolipoprotein E4(ApoE4) and cerebral hypoperfusion. The interplay between aging processes disrupts hemodynamics, heightening the of impairment neurological disorders. Similarly, ApoE4 gene increases vascular‐related small vessel disease. interaction factors, perfusion carrier status on performance needs further exploration a Southeast Asian population. Method 601 participants(Age=62.53±10.19) were recruited from community‐based BIOCIS study at Dementia Research Centre(Singapore). Participants with research diagnosis Subjective Cognitive Decline(SCD), Mild Impairment(MCI) or dementia included stratified into midlife (45‐65, n=327) later‐life (>65, n=274). administered global tests: Montreal Assessment(MoCA), Visual Assessment Test(VCAT), comprehensive neuropsychological test battery including tests for episodic memory(EM). Vascular averaged systolic blood pressure(BP) fasting HBA1C levels. ApoE allelic variation was determined via Taqman SNP genotyping qRT‐PCR methodology. Arterial Spin Labelling MRI data used quantify using BASIL toolbox. Result During midlife, linear regression analyses indicted elevated levels factors(BP HBA1C) positive associated poorer performance. results demonstrated significant effect BP cognition: VCAT(β=‐0.031, p=0.050), MoCA (β=‐0.037, p=0.045) EM scores: RAVLT delayed trial(β=‐2.68, p=0.001). later‐life, lowered carriers only. found marginally VCAT(β=0.2286, p=0.060), EM: (β=0.298, p=0.024), WAIS‐Logical Story (β=0.392, p=0.007). All remained despite controlling syndrome severity consumption medication. Conclusion presence allele lead cognition scores during moderates relationship reduced later‐life. Aggressively treating especially may prevent