Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study

Etiology
DOI: 10.1002/alz.13664 Publication Date: 2024-01-12T18:44:31Z
ABSTRACT
Abstract INTRODUCTION Identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) needs inexpensive, noninvasive biomarkers, with validation in all populations. METHODS We collected plasma markers older American Indian individuals: phosphorylated‐tau181 (pTau181); amyloid‐beta (Aβ) 40,42; glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); and neurofilament light chain (NfL). Plasma were analyzed for discriminant properties cognitive status etiology using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS PTau181, GFAP, NfL values significantly associated cognition, but Aβ not. Discriminant performance was moderate individual markers, pTau181, performing best, an empirically selected panel (age, sex, education, NfL, Aβ4240 ratio) had excellent (AUC > 0.8). DISCUSSION In individuals, pTau181 suggested more common pathology than majority less informative other populations; however, four needed a best‐performing dementia diagnostic model. These data validate utility AD while suggesting population‐specific characteristics.
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