Differential activation of astrocytes by innate and adaptive immune stimuli

• DOI: 10.1002/glia.20117
• Publication Date: 2004-11-10T20:15:07Z
• Authors: Pamela A. Carpentier; Wendy Smith Begolka; Julie K. Olson; Adam Elhofy; William J. Karpus; Stephen D. Miller
• Keywords: CCL18; Innate lymphoid cell

Abstract The immunologic privilege of the central nervous system (CNS) makes it crucial that CNS resident cells be capable responding rapidly to infection. Astrocytes have been reported express Toll‐like receptors (TLRs), hallmark pattern recognition innate immune system, and respond their ligation with cytokine production. also cytokines adaptive induction antigen presentation functions. Here we compared ability TLR stimuli interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) induce a variety functions astrocytes. We show signals LPS– poly I:C lead stronger upregulation TLRs production IL‐6 TNF‐α as well effector molecules IFN‐α4, IFN‐β, iNOS cytokine‐stimulated Both stimulation similar expression chemokines CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, enhancement adhesion molecule ICAM‐1 VCAM‐1 by Stimulation cytokines, however, was unique in its MHC II functional astrocytes activate CD4 + T cells. These results indicate potentially important changing roles for during progression © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.