Assessment of monocytic‐myeloid‐derived suppressive cells (M‐MDSC) before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute leukemia patients

• DOI: 10.1002/jha2.795
• Publication Date: 2023-09-22T04:40:27Z
• Authors: Pierre Peterlin; Marie C. Béné; Maxime Jullien; Thierry Guillaume; Amandine Le Bourg...; Alice Garnier; Camille Debord; Marion Eveillard; Patrice Chevallier
• Keywords: Minimal Residual Disease

Abstract In this monocentric prospective study, the influence on long‐term outcomes of peripheral blood levels monocytic‐myeloid‐derived suppressive cells (M‐MDSC) was investigated in 56 patients with acute leukemia (myeloid n = 47; lymphoid 9) before and after (Days+60/+90) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo‐HSCT). A risk relapse found to be associated a level pregraft M‐MDSC above 1.4% by ROC curve analysis. multivariate analysis, threshold retained strong statistical significance (HR: 5.94 [2.09–16.87], p 0.001). Considering only group who were complete remission prior Allo‐HSCT ( 44), significant prediction associated, 55.01 [14.95–202.37], < 0.001) together pregraft‐positive measurable ‐residual disease (MRD) 11.04 [1.89–64.67], 0.008). poorer OS 6.05 [1.24–29.59], 0.026) disease‐free survival 6.52 [1.41–30.19], 0.016) also higher M‐MDSC. Remarkably, no occurred pregraft‐negative MRD ≤1.4% (vs. 3‐year rate 60% for others, 0.004). Patients developing grade 3–4 graft‐versus‐host‐disease (GVHD, median occurrence: day+30 posttransplant) showed significantly M‐MDSC% at days +60 +90, suggesting possible amplification these immunosuppressive as reaction GVHD. conclusion, study demonstrates negative impact proportions leukemic patients. This paves way potential therapeutic intervention decrease thus perhaps incidence such